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A201564
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Decimal expansion of the least x satisfying x^2 + 2 = csc(x) and 0 < x < Pi.
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64
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4, 6, 7, 5, 8, 0, 9, 4, 4, 0, 6, 3, 4, 7, 1, 3, 6, 7, 3, 6, 1, 4, 1, 9, 2, 7, 0, 7, 6, 6, 8, 6, 5, 3, 8, 8, 5, 9, 4, 0, 2, 5, 3, 7, 2, 6, 6, 9, 2, 4, 9, 0, 6, 6, 7, 9, 2, 9, 5, 5, 6, 8, 3, 7, 6, 1, 2, 1, 9, 5, 2, 4, 9, 1, 3, 8, 9, 8, 3, 8, 0, 4, 3, 4, 5, 9, 4, 1, 1, 8, 5, 8, 8, 3, 2, 8, 8, 2, 4
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OFFSET
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0,1
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COMMENTS
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For many choices of a and c, there are exactly two values of x satisfying a*x^2 + c = csc(x) and 0 < x < Pi. Guide to related sequences, with graphs included in Mathematica programs:
a.... c.... x
Suppose that f(x,u,v) is a function of three real variables and that g(u,v) is a function defined implicitly by f(g(u,v),u,v)=0. We call the graph of z=g(u,v) an implicit surface of f.
For an example related to A201564, take f(x,u,v)=u*x^2+v-csc(x) and g(u,v) = a nonzero solution x of f(x,u,v)=0. If there is more than one nonzero solution, care must be taken to ensure that the resulting function g(u,v) is single-valued and continuous. A portion of an implicit surface is plotted by Program 2 in the Mathematica section.
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LINKS
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EXAMPLE
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least: 0.4675809440634713673614192707668653885...
greatest: 3.0531517225248702118041550531781137...
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MATHEMATICA
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a = 1; c = 2;
f[x_] := a*x^2 + c; g[x_] := Csc[x]
Plot[{f[x], g[x]}, {x, 0, Pi}, {AxesOrigin -> {0, 0}}]
r = x /. FindRoot[f[x] == g[x], {x, .46, .47}, WorkingPrecision -> 110]
r = x /. FindRoot[f[x] == g[x], {x, 3.0, 3.1}, WorkingPrecision -> 110]
(* Program 2: implicit surface of u*x^2+v=csc(x) *)
f[{x_, u_, v_}] := u*x^2 + v - Csc[x];
t = Table[{u, v, x /. FindRoot[f[{x, u, v}] == 0, {x, .1, 1}]}, {v, 0, 1}, {u, 2 + v, 10}];
ListPlot3D[Flatten[t, 1]] (* for A201564 *)
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PROG
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(PARI) a=1; c=2; solve(x=0.4, 0.5, a*x^2 + c - 1/sin(x)) // G. C. Greubel, Aug 21 2018
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CROSSREFS
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KEYWORD
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AUTHOR
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STATUS
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approved
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