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A103221 Number of partitions of n into parts 2 and 3. 34
1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 7, 6, 7, 7, 7, 7, 8, 7, 8, 8, 8, 8, 9, 8, 9, 9, 9, 9, 10, 9, 10, 10, 10, 10, 11, 10, 11, 11, 11, 11, 12, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 13, 12, 13, 13, 13, 13, 14, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 15, 14, 15, 15 (list; graph; refs; listen; history; text; internal format)
OFFSET
0,7
COMMENTS
Essentially the same as A008615.
Poincaré series [or Poincare series] for modular forms of weight w for the full modular group. As generators one may take the Eisenstein series E_4 (A004009) and E_6 (A013973).
Dimension of the space of weight 2n+12 cusp forms for Gamma_0( 1 ).
Dimension of the space of weight 2n cuspidal newforms for Gamma_0( 5 ).
a(n) is the number of partitions of n into two nonnegative parts congruent modulo 3. - Andrew Baxter, Jun 28 2006
Also number of equivalence classes of period 2n billiards on an equilateral triangle. - Andrew Baxter, Jun 06 2008
a(n) is also the number of 2-regular multigraphs on n vertices, where each component is either a pair of parallel edges, or a triangle. - Jason Kimberley, Oct 14 2011
For n>1, a(n) is the number of partitions of 2n into positive parts x,y, and z such that x>=y and y=z. This sequence is used in calculating the probability of the need for a run-off election when n voters randomly cast ballots for two of three candidates running for two empty slots on a county commission. - Dennis P. Walsh, Apr 25 2013
Also, Molien series for invariants of finite Coxeter group A_2. The Molien series for the finite Coxeter group of type A_k (k >= 1) has g.f. = 1/Product_{i=2..k+1} (1-x^i). Note that this is the root system A_k, not the alternating group Alt_k. - N. J. A. Sloane, Jan 11 2016
The coefficient of x^(2*n+1) in the power series expansion of the Weierstrass sigma function is a polynomial in the invariants g2 and g3 with a(n) terms. - Michael Somos, Jun 14 2016
a(n) is also the dimension of the complex vector space of modular forms M_{2*n} of weight 2*n and level 1 (full modular group). See Apostol p. 119, eq. (9) for k=2*n, and Ash and Gross, p. 178, Table 13.1. For a(6*k+1) = a(6*k+j)-1 for j = 0,2,3,4,5 and k >= 0 see A016921 (so-called dips, cf. Ash and Gross, p. 178.). - Wolfdieter Lang, Sep 16 2016
In an hexagonal tiling of the plane where the base tile is (0,0)--(2,1)--(3,3)--(1,4)--(-1,3)--(-2,1)--(0,0), a(n) is the number of vertices on the (n,0)--(n,n) closed line segment. - Luc Rousseau, Mar 22 2018
REFERENCES
T. M. Apostol, Modular Functions and Dirichlet Series in Number Theory, Springer-Verlag, 1990, page 119.
Avner Ash and Robert Gross, Summing it up, Princeton University Press, 2016, p. 178.
D. J. Benson, Polynomial Invariants of Finite Groups, Cambridge, 1993, p. 100.
E. Freitag, Siegelsche Modulfunktionen, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1983; p. 141, Th. 1.1.
R. C. Gunning, Lectures on Modular Forms. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, NJ, 1962.
J. E. Humphreys, Reflection Groups and Coxeter Groups, Cambridge, 1990. See Table 3.1, page 59.
J.-M. Kantor, Ou en sont les mathématiques, La formule de Molien-Weyl, SMF, Vuibert, p. 79
S. Mukai, An Introduction to Invariants and Moduli, Cambridge, 2003; see p. 26. - N. J. A. Sloane, Aug 28 2010.
LINKS
Andrew M. Baxter and Ron Umble, Periodic Orbits of Billiards on an Equilateral Triangle, Amer. Math. Monthly, 115 (No. 6, 2008), 479-491.
J. Igusa, On Siegel modular forms of genus 2 (II), Amer. J. Math., 86 (1964), 392-412, esp. p. 402.
T. Shioda, On the graded ring of invariants of binary octavics, Amer. J. Math. 89, 1022-1046, 1967.
William A. Stein, The modular forms database
FORMULA
Euler transform of finite sequence [0, 1, 1] with offset 1, which is A171386.
a(n) = A008615(n+2). First differences of A001399.
a(n) = a(n-6) + 1 = a(n-2) + a(n-3) - a(n-5). - Henry Bottomley, Sep 02 2000
G.f.: 1/((1-x^2)*(1-x^3)).
a(n) = floor((n+2)/2) - floor((n+2)/3). - Andrew Baxter, Jun 06 2008
For odd n, a(n)=floor((n+3)/6). For even n, a(n)=floor((n+6)/6). - Dennis P. Walsh, Apr 25 2013
a(n) = floor(n/6)+1 unless n == 1 (mod 6); if n == 1 (mod 6), a(n) = floor(n/6). - Bob Selcoe, Sep 27 2014
a(n) = A081753(2*n); see the Dennis P. Walsh formula. - Wolfdieter Lang, Sep 16 2016
a(n)-a(n-2) = A079978(n). - R. J. Mathar, Jun 23 2021
E.g.f.: (3*(4 + x)*cosh(x) + exp(-x/2)*(6*cos(sqrt(3)*x/2) - 2*sqrt(3)*sin(sqrt(3)*x/2)) + 3*(1 + x)*sinh(x))/18. - Stefano Spezia, Mar 05 2023
a(n) = A008615(n-1)+A059841(n). - R. J. Mathar, May 03 2023
EXAMPLE
For n=8, a(n)=2 since there are two partitions of 16 into 3 positive parts x, y, and z such that x >= y and y=z, namely, 16 = 8+4+4 and 16 = 6+5+5. - Dennis P. Walsh, Apr 25 2013
G.f. = 1 + x^2 + x^3 + x^4 + x^5 + 2*x^6 + x^7 + 2*x^8 + 2*x^9 + 2*x^10 + 2*x^11 + ...
MAPLE
A103221:=n->floor((n+2)/2)-floor((n+2)/3): # Andrew Baxter, Jun 06 2008
MATHEMATICA
a=b=c=d=0; Table[e=a+b-d+1; a=b; b=c; c=d; d=e, {n, 100}] (* Vladimir Joseph Stephan Orlovsky, Feb 26 2011 *)
LinearRecurrence[{0, 1, 1, 0, -1}, {1, 0, 1, 1, 1}, 88] (* Ray Chandler, Sep 23 2015 *)
a[ n_] := With[{m = Max[-5 - n, n]}, (-1)^Boole[n < 0] SeriesCoefficient[ 1 / ((1 - x^2) (1 - x^3)), {x, 0, m}]]; (* Michael Somos, Jun 02 2019 *)
PROG
(PARI) {a(n) = if( n<-4, -a(-5-n), polcoeff( 1 / ((1 - x^2) * (1 - x^3)) + x * O(x^n), n))};
(PARI) a(n)=n+=2; n\2 - n\3 \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Jul 31 2017
(Sage) def a(n) : return( len( CuspForms( Gamma0( 1), 2*n + 12, prec=1). basis())); # Michael Somos, May 29 2013
(Magma) [Floor((n+2)/2)-Floor((n+2)/3): n in [0..100]]; // Vincenzo Librandi, Sep 18 2016
CROSSREFS
Cf. A008615, A001399 (partial sums), A128115, A171386, A081753.
Molien series for finite Coxeter groups A_1 through A_12 are A059841, A103221, A266755, A008667, A037145, A001996, and A266776, A266777, A266778, A266779, A266780, A266781.
Sequence in context: A011960 A187035 A008615 * A026806 A261348 A320536
KEYWORD
nonn,easy
AUTHOR
Michael Somos, Jan 25 2005
EXTENSIONS
Name changed by Wolfdieter Lang, Sep 16 2016
STATUS
approved

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Last modified March 28 10:31 EDT 2024. Contains 371240 sequences. (Running on oeis4.)