A073387 Convolution triangle of A002605(n) (generalized (2,2)-Fibonacci), n>=0.

1, 2, 1, 6, 4, 1, 16, 16, 6, 1, 44, 56, 30, 8, 1, 120, 188, 128, 48, 10, 1, 328, 608, 504, 240, 70, 12, 1, 896, 1920, 1872, 1080, 400, 96, 14, 1, 2448, 5952, 6672, 4512, 2020, 616, 126, 16, 1, 6688, 18192, 23040, 17856, 9352, 3444, 896, 160, 18, 1

Offset

0,2

Comments

The g.f. for the row polynomials P(n,x) = Sum_{m=0..n} T(n,m)*x^m is 1/(1-(2+x+2*z)*z). See Shapiro et al. reference and comment under A053121 for such convolution triangles.

T(n, k) is the number of words of length n over {0,1,2,3} having k letters 3 and avoiding runs of odd length for the letters 0,1. - Milan Janjic, Jan 14 2017

Links

G. C. Greubel, Rows n = 0..50 of the triangle, flattened

Wolfdieter Lang, First 10 rows.

Formula

T(n, k) = 2*(p(k-1, n-k)*(n-k+1)*T(n-k+1) + q(k-1, n-k)*(n-k+2)*T(n-k))/(k!*12^k), n >= k >= 1, with T(n) = T(n, k=0) = A002605(n), else 0; p(m, n) = Sum_{j=0..m} A(m, j)*n^(m-j) and q(m, n) = Sum_{j=0..m} B(m, j)*n^(m-j) with the number triangles A(k, m) = A073403(k, m) and B(k, m) = A073404(k, m).

T(n, k) = Sum_{j=0..floor((n-k)/2)} 2^(n-k-j)*binomial(n-j, k)*binomial(n-k-j, j) if n > k, else 0.

T(n, k) = ((n-k+1)*T(n, k-1) + 2*(n+k)*T(n-1, k-1))/(6*k), n >= k >= 1, T(n, 0) = A002605(n+1), else 0.

Sum_{k=0..n} T(n, k) = A007482(n).

G.f. for column m (without leading zeros): 1/(1-2*x*(1+x))^(m+1), m>=0.

T(n,k) = 2^(n-k)*binomial(n,k)*hypergeom([(k-n)/2, (k-n+1)/2], [-n], -2) for n>=1. - Peter Luschny, Apr 25 2016

From G. C. Greubel, Oct 03 2022: (Start)

T(n, n-1) = A005843(n), n >= 1.

T(n, n-2) = 2*A005563(n-1), n >= 2.

T(n, n-3) = 4*A159920(n-1), n >= 2.

Sum_{k=0..n} (-1)^k*T(n, k) = A001045(n+1).

Sum_{k=0..floor(n/2)} T(n-k, k) = A015518(n+1). (End)

Example

Lower triangular matrix, T(n,k), n >= k >= 0, else 0:
    1;
    2,    1;
    6,    4,    1;
   16,   16,    6,    1;
   44,   56,   30,    8,   1;
  120,  188,  128,   48,  10,   1;
  328,  608,  504,  240,  70,  12,   1;
  896, 1920, 1872, 1080, 400,  96,  14,  1;

Maple

T := (n, k) -> `if`(n=0, 1, 2^(n-k)*binomial(n, k)*hypergeom([(k-n)/2, (k-n+1)/2], [-n], -2)): seq(seq(simplify(T(n, k)), k=0..n), n=0..10); # Peter Luschny, Apr 25 2016

Mathematica

T[n_, k_]:=T[n, k]=Sum[2^(n-k-j)*Binomial[n-j, k]*Binomial[n-k-j, j], {j, 0, (n-k)/2}];
Table[T[n, k], {n, 0, 10}, {k, 0, n}]//Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Jun 04 2019 *)

Prog

(Magma)
A073387:= func< n, k | (&+[2^(n-k-j)*Binomial(n-j, k)*Binomial(n-k-j, j): j in [0..Floor((n-k)/2)]]) >;
[A073387(n, k): k in [0..n], n in [0..12]]; // G. C. Greubel, Oct 03 2022
(SageMath)
def A073387(n, k): return sum(2^(n-k-j)*binomial(n-j, k)*binomial(n-k-j, j) for j in range(((n-k+2)//2)))
flatten([[A073387(n, k) for k in range(n+1)] for n in range(12)]) # G. C. Greubel, Oct 03 2022

Crossrefs

Cf. A002605, A007482 (row sums), A053121, A073403, A073404.

Cf. A001045, A005563, A015518, A159920.

Columns: A002605 (k=0), A073388 (k=1), A073389 (k=2), A073390 (k=3), A073391 (k=4), A073392 (k=5), A073393 (k=6), A073394 (k=7), A073397 (k=8), A073398 (k=9).

Sequence in context: A269505 A269479 A118040 * A259099 A125693 A094527

Adjacent sequences: A073384 A073385 A073386 * A073388 A073389 A073390

Keyword

nonn,easy,tabl,changed

Author

Wolfdieter Lang, Aug 02 2002

Status

approved