OFFSET
1,2
COMMENTS
The previous name was: Write n = K^2*F where F is squarefree and F = g*f where g = gcd(K,F) and f = F/g; then a(n) = f(n) = F(n)/g(n). Thus gcd(K^2,f) = 1.
Differs from A007913; they coincide if and only if g(n) = 1.
a(n) is the powerfree part of n; i.e., if n=Product(pi^ei) over all i (prime factorization) then a(n)=Product(pi^ei) over those i with ei=1; if n=b*c^2*d^3 then a(n) is minimum possible value of b. - Henry Bottomley, Sep 01 2000
Also denominator of n/rad(n)^2, where rad is the squarefree kernel of n (A007947), numerator: A062378. - Reinhard Zumkeller, Dec 10 2002
Largest unitary squarefree number dividing n (the unitary squarefree kernel of n). - Steven Finch, Mar 01 2004
From Bernard Schott, Dec 19 2022: (Start)
a(n) = 1 iff n is a squareful number (A001694).
1 < a(n) < n iff n is a nonsquarefree number that is not squareful (A332785).
a(n) = n iff n is a squarefree number (A005117). (End)
LINKS
Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..20000 (first 1000 terms from T. D. Noe)
Steven R. Finch, Unitarism and Infinitarism, February 25, 2004. [Cached copy, with permission of the author]
Vaclav Kotesovec, Plot of Sum_{k=1..n} a(k) / n^2 for n = 1..1000000
FORMULA
a(n) = n/A057521(n).
Multiplicative with a(p) = p and a(p^e) = 1 for e > 1. - Vladeta Jovovic, Nov 01 2001
Dirichlet g.f.: zeta(s)*Product_{primes p} (1 + p^(1-s) - p^(-s) - p^(1-2s) + p^(-2s)). - R. J. Mathar, Dec 21 2011
a(n) = A007947(n)/A071773(n). - observed by Velin Yanev, Aug 27 2017, confirmed by Antti Karttunen, Nov 28 2017
a(1) = 1; for n > 1, a(n) = A020639(n)^A063524(A067029(n)) * a(A028234(n)). - Antti Karttunen, Nov 28 2017
a(n*m) = a(n)*a(m)/(gcd(n,a(m))*gcd(m,a(n))) for all n and m > 0 (conjectured). - Velin Yanev, Feb 06 2019. [This follows easily from the comment of Vladeta Jovovic. - N. J. A. Sloane, Mar 14 2019]
From Vaclav Kotesovec, Dec 19 2019: (Start)
Dirichlet g.f.: zeta(s-1) * zeta(s) * Product_{primes p} (1 - p^(1-3*s) + p^(2-3*s) - p^(2-2*s) + p^(-2*s) - p^(-s)).
Sum_{k=1..n} a(k) ~ c * Pi^2 * n^2 / 12, where c = Product_{primes p} (1 - 2/p^2 + 2/p^4 - 1/p^5) = 0.394913518073109872954607634745304266741971541072... (End)
a(n) = A197863(n)/n. - Amiram Eldar, Sep 01 2023
MAPLE
A055231 := proc(n)
a := 1 ;
if n > 1 then
for f in ifactors(n)[2] do
if op(2, f) = 1 then
a := a*op(1, f) ;
end if;
end do:
end if;
a ;
end proc: # R. J. Mathar, Dec 23 2011
MATHEMATICA
rad[n_] := Times @@ First /@ FactorInteger[n]; a[n_] := Denominator[n/rad[n]^2]; Table[a[n], {n, 1, 80}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jun 20 2013, after Reinhard Zumkeller *)
f[p_, e_] := If[e==1, p, 1]; a[n_] := Times @@ (f @@@ FactorInteger[n]); Array[a, 100] (* Amiram Eldar, Sep 07 2020 *)
PROG
(PARI) A055231(n)={
local(a=1);
f=factor(n) ;
for(i=1, matsize(f)[1],
if( f[i, 2] ==1, a *= f[i, 1]
)
) ;
a ;
} /* R. J. Mathar, Mar 12 2012 */
(PARI) a(n) = {my(f=factor(n)); for (k=1, #f~, if (f[k, 2] > 1, f[k, 2] = 0); ); factorback(f); } \\ Michel Marcus, Aug 27 2017
(Scheme, with memoization-macro definec) (definec (A055231 n) (if (= 1 n) 1 (* (if (= 1 (A067029 n)) (A020639 n) 1) (A055231 (A028234 n))))) ;; Antti Karttunen, Nov 28 2017
(Python)
from math import prod
from sympy import factorint
def A055231(n): return prod(p for p, e in factorint(n).items() if e == 1) # Chai Wah Wu, Nov 14 2022
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
nonn,easy,mult
AUTHOR
Labos Elemer, Jun 21 2000
EXTENSIONS
Name replaced with a simpler description (based on Henry Bottomley's comment) by Antti Karttunen, Nov 28 2017
Incorrect comments and example deleted by Peter Munn, Nov 30 2022
STATUS
approved