A342129 Square array T(n,k), n>=0, k>=0, read by antidiagonals, where column k is the expansion of g.f. 1/(1 - k*x + k*x^2).

1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 1, 3, 2, -1, 0, 1, 4, 6, 0, -1, 0, 1, 5, 12, 9, -4, 0, 0, 1, 6, 20, 32, 9, -8, 1, 0, 1, 7, 30, 75, 80, 0, -8, 1, 0, 1, 8, 42, 144, 275, 192, -27, 0, 0, 0, 1, 9, 56, 245, 684, 1000, 448, -81, 16, -1, 0, 1, 10, 72, 384, 1421, 3240, 3625, 1024, -162, 32, -1, 0

Offset

0,8

Links

Seiichi Manyama, Antidiagonals n = 0..139, flattened

Index entries for sequences related to Chebyshev polynomials.

Formula

T(0,k) = 1, T(1,k) = k and T(n,k) = k*(T(n-1,k) - T(n-2,k)) for n > 1.

T(n,k) = (-1)^n * Sum_{j=0..floor(n/2)} (-k)^(n-j) * binomial(n-j,j) = (-1)^n * Sum_{j=0..n} (-k)^j * binomial(j,n-j).

T(n,k) = sqrt(k)^n * S(n, sqrt(k)) with S(n, x) := U(n, x/2), Chebyshev's polynomials of the 2nd kind.

Example

Square array begins:
  1,  1,  1, 1,   1,    1, ...
  0,  1,  2, 3,   4,    5, ...
  0,  0,  2, 6,  12,   20, ...
  0, -1,  0, 9,  32,   75, ...
  0, -1, -4, 9,  80,  275, ...
  0,  0, -8, 0, 192, 1000, ...

Maple

T:= (n, k)-> (<<0|1>, <-k|k>>^(n+1))[1, 2]:
seq(seq(T(n, d-n), n=0..d), d=0..12); # Alois P. Heinz, Mar 01 2021

Mathematica

T[n_, k_] := (-1)^n * Sum[If[k == j == 0, 1, (-k)^j] * Binomial[j, n - j], {j, 0, n}]; Table[T[k, n - k], {n, 0, 11}, {k, 0, n}] // Flatten (* Amiram Eldar, Apr 28 2021 *)

Prog

(PARI) T(n, k) = (-1)^n*sum(j=0, n\2, (-k)^(n-j)*binomial(n-j, j));
(PARI) T(n, k) = (-1)^n*sum(j=0, n, (-k)^j*binomial(j, n-j));
(PARI) T(n, k) = round(sqrt(k)^n*polchebyshev(n, 2, sqrt(k)/2));

Crossrefs

Columns 0..10 give A000007, A010892, A099087, A057083, A001787(n+1), A030191, A030192, A030240, A057084, A057085(n+1), A057086.

Rows 0..1 give A000012, A001477.

Main diagonal gives (-1) * A109519(n+1).

Cf. A342120, A342133, A342134.

Sequence in context: A322279 A350365 A331923 * A292861 A292133 A304482

Adjacent sequences: A342126 A342127 A342128 * A342130 A342131 A342132

Keyword

sign,tabl

Author

Seiichi Manyama, Feb 28 2021

Status

approved