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A053028
Odd primes p with 4 zeros in any period of the Fibonacci numbers mod p.
33
5, 13, 17, 37, 53, 61, 73, 89, 97, 109, 113, 137, 149, 157, 173, 193, 197, 233, 257, 269, 277, 293, 313, 317, 337, 353, 373, 389, 397, 421, 433, 457, 557, 577, 593, 613, 617, 653, 661, 673, 677, 701, 733, 757, 761, 773, 797, 821, 829, 853, 857, 877, 937, 953
OFFSET
1,1
COMMENTS
Also, primes that do not divide any Lucas number. - T. D. Noe, Jul 25 2003
Although every prime divides some Fibonacci number, this is not true for the Lucas numbers. In fact, exactly 1/3 of all primes do not divide any Lucas number. See Lagarias and Moree for more details. The Lucas numbers separate the primes into three disjoint sets: (A053028) primes that do not divide any Lucas number, (A053027) primes that divide Lucas numbers of even index and (A053032) primes that divide Lucas numbers of odd index. - T. D. Noe, Jul 25 2003; revised by N. J. A. Sloane, Feb 21 2004
From Jianing Song, Jun 16 2024: (Start)
Primes p such that A001176(p) = 4.
For p > 2, p is in this sequence if and only if A001175(p) == 4 (mod 8), and if and only if A001177(p) is odd. For a proof of the equivalence between A001176(p) = 4 and A001177(p) being odd, see Section 2 of my link below.
This sequence contains all primes congruent to 13, 17 (mod 20). This corresponds to case (1) for k = 3 in the Conclusion of Section 1 of my link below. (End) [Comment rewritten by Jianing Song, Jun 16 2024 and Jun 25 2024]
LINKS
C. Ballot and M. Elia, Rank and period of primes in the Fibonacci sequence; a trichotomy, Fib. Quart., 45 (No. 1, 2007), 56-63 (The sequence B2).
Nicholas Bragman and Eric Rowland, Limiting density of the Fibonacci sequence modulo powers of p, arXiv:2202.00704 [math.NT], 2022.
J. C. Lagarias, The set of primes dividing the Lucas numbers has density 2/3, Pacific J. Math., 118. No. 2, (1985), 449-461.
J. C. Lagarias, Errata to: The set of primes dividing the Lucas numbers has density 2/3, Pacific J. Math., 162, No. 2, (1994), 393-396.
Diego Marques and Pavel Trojovsky, The order of appearance of the product of five consecutive Lucas numbers, Tatra Mountains Math. Publ. 59 (2014), 65-77.
Pieter Moree, Counting Divisors of Lucas Numbers, Pacific J. Math, Vol. 186, No. 2, 1998, pp. 267-284.
H. Sedaghat, Zero-Avoiding Solutions of the Fibonacci Recurrence Modulo A Prime, Fibonacci Quart. 52 (2014), no. 1, 39-45. See p. 45.
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Lucas Number
FORMULA
A prime p = prime(i) is in this sequence if p > 2 and A001602(i) is odd. - T. D. Noe, Jul 25 2003
MATHEMATICA
Lucas[n_] := Fibonacci[n+1] + Fibonacci[n-1]; badP={}; Do[p=Prime[n]; k=1; While[k<p&&Mod[Lucas[k], p]>0, k++ ]; If[k==p, AppendTo[badP, p]], {n, 200}]; badP
CROSSREFS
Cf. A000204 (Lucas numbers), A001602 (index of the smallest Fibonacci number divisible by prime(n)).
Let {x(n)} be a sequence defined by x(0) = 0, x(1) = 1, x(n+2) = m*x(n+1) + x(n). Let w(k) be the number of zeros in a fundamental period of {x(n)} modulo k.
| m=1 | m=2 | m=3
-----------------------------+----------+---------+---------
The sequence {x(n)} | A000045 | A000129 | A006190
The sequence {w(k)} | A001176 | A214027 | A322906
Primes p such that w(p) = 1 | A112860* | A309580 | A309586
Primes p such that w(p) = 2 | A053027 | A309581 | A309587
Primes p such that w(p) = 4 | this seq | A261580 | A309588
Numbers k such that w(k) = 1 | A053031 | A309583 | A309591
Numbers k such that w(k) = 2 | A053030 | A309584 | A309592
Numbers k such that w(k) = 4 | A053029 | A309585 | A309593
* and also A053032 U {2}
Sequence in context: A191108 A216575 A306626 * A189411 A248980 A188131
KEYWORD
nonn
AUTHOR
Henry Bottomley, Feb 23 2000
EXTENSIONS
Edited: Name clarified. Moree and Renault link updated. Ballot and Elia reference linked. - Wolfdieter Lang, Jan 20 2015
STATUS
approved