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A005891
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Centered pentagonal numbers: (5n^2+5n+2)/2; crystal ball sequence for 3.3.3.4.4. planar net.
(Formerly M4112)
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84
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1, 6, 16, 31, 51, 76, 106, 141, 181, 226, 276, 331, 391, 456, 526, 601, 681, 766, 856, 951, 1051, 1156, 1266, 1381, 1501, 1626, 1756, 1891, 2031, 2176, 2326, 2481, 2641, 2806, 2976, 3151, 3331, 3516, 3706, 3901, 4101, 4306, 4516, 4731, 4951, 5176, 5406
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OFFSET
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0,2
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COMMENTS
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a(n) == 1 (mod 5) for all n.
The digital roots of the a(n) form a purely periodic palindromic 9-cycle 1, 6, 7, 4, 6, 4, 7, 6, 1.
The units' digits of the a(n) form a purely periodic palindromic 4-cycle 1, 6, 6, 1.
(End)
Binomial transform of (1, 5, 5, 0, 0, 0, ...) and second partial sum of (1, 4, 5, 5, 5, ...). - Gary W. Adamson, Sep 09 2015
On the plane start with a single regular pentagon, and repeat the following procedure, "For each edge of any pentagon not already connected to an existing pentagon create a mirror image such that the mirror image does not overlap with an existing pentagon." a(n) is the number of pentagons occupying the plane after n repetitions. - Torlach Rush, Sep 14 2022
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REFERENCES
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N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
B. K. Teo and N. J. A. Sloane, Magic numbers in polygonal and polyhedral clusters, Inorgan. Chem. 24 (1985), 4545-4558.
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LINKS
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FORMULA
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G.f.: (1 + 3*x + x^2)/(1 - x)^3. Simon Plouffe in his 1992 dissertation
a(n) = 3*a(n-1) - 3*a(n-2) + a(n-3), a(0)=1, a(1)=6, a(2)=16. - Jaume Oliver Lafont, Dec 02 2008
a(n) = 5*A000217(n) + 1 = 5*T(n) + 1, for n = 0, 1, 2, 3, ... and where T(n) = n*(n+1)/2 = n-th triangular number. - Thomas M. Green, Nov 25 2009
a(n) = 2*a(n-1) - a(n-2) + 5. - Ant King, Jun 12 2012
Sum_{n>=0} 1/a(n) = 2*Pi /sqrt(15) *tanh(Pi/2*sqrt(3/5)) = 1.360613169863... - Ant King, Jun 15 2012
Sum_{n>=0} a(n)/n! = 17*e/2.
Sum_{n>=0} (-1)^(n+1)*a(n)/n! = 3/(2*e). (End)
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EXAMPLE
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a(2)= 5*T(2) + 1 = 5*3 + 1 = 16, a(4) = 5*T(4) + 1 = 5*10 + 1 = 51. - Thomas M. Green, Nov 16 2009
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MAPLE
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1+5*n*(1+n)/2 ;
end proc:
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MATHEMATICA
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LinearRecurrence[{3, -3, 1}, {1, 6, 16}, 50] (* Harvey P. Dale, Sep 08 2018 *)
Table[ j! Coefficient[Series[Exp[x]*(1 + 5 x^2/2)-1, {x, 0, 20}], x, j], {j, 0, 20}] (* Nikolaos Pantelidis, Feb 07 2023 *)
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PROG
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(Magma) [5*n*(n+1)/2 + 1: n in [0..50]]; // G. C. Greubel, Nov 04 2017
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CROSSREFS
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Equals second row of A167546 divided by 2.
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KEYWORD
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nonn,easy
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AUTHOR
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EXTENSIONS
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STATUS
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approved
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