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A002694
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Binomial coefficients C(2n, n-2).
(Formerly M4181 N1741)
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33
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1, 6, 28, 120, 495, 2002, 8008, 31824, 125970, 497420, 1961256, 7726160, 30421755, 119759850, 471435600, 1855967520, 7307872110, 28781143380, 113380261800, 446775310800, 1761039350070, 6943526580276, 27385657281648, 108043253365600
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OFFSET
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2,2
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COMMENTS
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Number of lattice paths from (0,0) to (n,n) with steps E=(1,0) and N=(0,1) which touch or cross the line x-y=2. Example: For n=3 there are 6 paths EEENNN, EENENN, EENNEN, EENNNE, ENEENN and NEEENN. - Herbert Kociemba, May 23 2004
Number of dissections of a convex (n+3)-gon by noncrossing diagonals into several regions, exactly n-2 of which are triangular. Example: a(3)=6 because the convex hexagon ABCDEF is dissected by any of the diagonals AC, BD, CE, DF, EA, FB into regions containing exactly 1 triangle. - Emeric Deutsch, May 31 2004
Number of UUU's (triple rises), where U=(1,1), in all Dyck paths of semilength n+1. Example: a(3)=6 because we have UD(UUU)DDD, (UUU)DDDUD, (UUU)DUDDD, (UUU)DDUDD and (U[UU)U]DDDD, the triple rises being shown between parentheses. - Emeric Deutsch, Jun 03 2004
Sum of the jump-lengths of all full binary trees with n internal nodes. In the preorder traversal of a full binary tree, any transition from a node at a deeper level to a node on a strictly higher level is called a jump; the positive difference of the levels is called the jump distance; the sum of the jump distances in a given full binary tree is called the jump-length. - Emeric Deutsch, Jan 18 2007
a(n) = number of convex polyominoes (A005436) of perimeter 2n+4 that are directed but not parallelogram polyominoes, because the directed convex polyominoes are counted by the central binomial coefficient binomial(2n,n) and the subset of parallelogram polyominoes is counted by the Catalan number C(n+1) = binomial(2n+2,n+1)/(n+2) and a(n) = binomial(2n,n) - C(n+1). - David Callan, Nov 29 2007
a(n) = number of DUU's in all Dyck paths of semilength n+1. Example: a(3)=6 because we have UU(DUU)DDD, U(DUU)UDDD, U(DUU)DUDD, UDU(DUU)DD, U(DUU)DDUD, UUD(DUU)DD, the DUU's being shown between parentheses and no other Dyck path of semilength 4 contains a DUU. - David Callan, Jul 25 2008
C(2n,n-m) is the number of Dyck-type walks such that their graphs have one marked edge passed 2m times and the other edges are passed 2 times counting "there and back" directions. - Oleksiy Khorunzhiy, Jan 09 2015
Number of paths in the half-plane x >= 0, from (0,0) to (2n,4), and consisting of steps U=(1,1) and D=(1,-1). For example, for n=3, we have the 6 paths: UUUUUD, UUUUDU, UUUDUU, UUDUUU, UDUUUU, DUUUUU, DUUUUU. - José Luis Ramírez Ramírez, Apr 19 2015
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REFERENCES
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M. Abramowitz and I. A. Stegun, eds., Handbook of Mathematical Functions, National Bureau of Standards Applied Math. Series 55, 1964 (and various reprintings), p. 828.
C. Lanczos, Applied Analysis. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1956, p. 517.
N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
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LINKS
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M. Abramowitz and I. A. Stegun, eds., Handbook of Mathematical Functions, National Bureau of Standards, Applied Math. Series 55, Tenth Printing, 1972 [alternative scanned copy].
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FORMULA
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a(n) = A067310(n, 1) as this is number of ways of arranging n chords on a circle (handshakes between 2n people across a table) with exactly 1 simple intersection. - Henry Bottomley, Oct 07 2002
G.f.: (1-sqrt(1-4*z))^4/(16*z^2*sqrt(1-4*z)). - Emeric Deutsch, Jan 28 2004
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} C(n, k)*C(n, k+2). - Paul Barry, Sep 20 2004
D-finite with recurrence: -(n-2)*(n+2)*a(n) + 2*n*(2*n-1)*a(n-1) = 0. - R. J. Mathar, Dec 04 2012
Sum_{n>=2} 1/a(n) = 23/6 - 13*Pi/(9*sqrt(3)).
Sum_{n>=2} (-1)^n/a(n) = 106*log(phi)/(5*sqrt(5)) - 37/10, where phi is the golden ratio (A001622). (End)
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MAPLE
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a:=n->sum(binomial(n, j-1)*binomial(n, j+1), j=1..n): seq(a(n), n=2..25); # Zerinvary Lajos, Nov 26 2006
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MATHEMATICA
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CoefficientList[ Series[ 16/(((Sqrt[1 - 4 x] + 1)^4)*Sqrt[1 - 4 x]), {x, 0, 23}], x] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Aug 08 2011 *)
Table[Binomial[2n, n-2], {n, 2, 30}] (* Harvey P. Dale, Jun 12 2014 *)
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PROG
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(Haskell)
(PARI) {a(n) = binomial(2*n, n-2)}; \\ G. C. Greubel, Mar 21 2019
(Sage) [binomial(2*n, n-2) for n in (2..30)] # G. C. Greubel, Mar 21 2019
(GAP) List([2..30], n-> Binomial(2*n, n-2)) # G. C. Greubel, Mar 21 2019
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CROSSREFS
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KEYWORD
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nonn
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AUTHOR
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STATUS
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approved
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