OFFSET
1,2
COMMENTS
These are figurate numbers approximating the shape of Escher's solid (solid enclosed by the first stellation of the rhombic dodecahedron) using points in a primitive cubic lattice, as such they could be called the primitive cubic Escher-solid numbers. The n-th such figure has 4*n - 3 points along each convex edge connecting vertices.
LINKS
Derek Delk, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Derek Delk, Visualization of Six Terms
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Escher's Solid.
Wikipedia, First stellation of the rhombic dodecahedron.
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (4,-6,4,-1).
FORMULA
a(n) = A046142(n) + 12*Sum_{i=2..n} (2*i - 3)*(4*n - 4*i + 3).
a(n) = A046142(n) + 12*Sum_{i=1..n-1} (2*i - 1 + 2*Sum_{j=1..i-1} (2*j - 1)) + (2*i + 2*Sum_{j=1..i-1} 2*j) = A046142(n) + 12*Sum_{i=1..n-1} A001844(i-1) + A001105(i).
a(n) = (4*n - 3)^3 - 8*Sum_{i=1..n-1} (2*i)^3 - (2*i - 1)^3.
a(n) = (4*n - 3)^3 - 8*(4*(n - 1)^3 + 3*(n - 1)^2) = (4*n - 3)^3 - 8*(4*n - 1)*(n - 1)^2.
a(n) = 4*a(n-1) - 6*a(n-2) + 4*a(n-3) - a(n-4).
G.f.: x*(19*x^3 + 107*x^2 + 65*x + 1)/(1 - x)^4.
E.g.f.: (32*x^3 + 24*x^2 + 20*x - 19)*exp(x).
MATHEMATICA
LinearRecurrence[{4, -6, 4, -1}, {1, 69, 377, 1117}, 50] (* Paolo Xausa, Feb 10 2026 *)
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
nonn,easy
AUTHOR
Derek Delk, Feb 04 2026
STATUS
approved
