A343847 T(n, k) = (n - k)! * [x^(n-k)] exp(k*x/(1 - x))/(1 - x). Triangle read by rows, T(n, k) for 0 <= k <= n.

1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 6, 7, 3, 1, 24, 34, 14, 4, 1, 120, 209, 86, 23, 5, 1, 720, 1546, 648, 168, 34, 6, 1, 5040, 13327, 5752, 1473, 286, 47, 7, 1, 40320, 130922, 58576, 14988, 2840, 446, 62, 8, 1, 362880, 1441729, 671568, 173007, 32344, 4929, 654, 79, 9, 1

Offset

0,4

Links

Table of n, a(n) for n=0..54.

Formula

T(n, k) = (-1)^(n - k)*U(k - n, 1, -k), where U is the Kummer U function.

T(n, k) = (n - k)! * L(n - k, -k), where L is the Laguerre polynomial function.

T(n, k) = (n - k)! * Sum_{j = 0..n - k} binomial(n - k, j) k^j / j!.

T(n, k) = (2*n-k-1)*T(n-1, k) - (n-k-1)^2*T(n-2, k) for n - k >= 2.

Example

Triangle starts:
0:     1;
1:     1,      1;
2:     2,      2,     1;
3:     6,      7,     3,     1;
4:    24,     34,    14,     4,    1;
5:   120,    209,    86,    23,    5,   1;
6:   720,   1546,   648,   168,   34,   6,  1;
7:  5040,  13327,  5752,  1473,  286,  47,  7,  1;
8: 40320, 130922, 58576, 14988, 2840, 446, 62,  8,  1;
.
Array whose upward read antidiagonals are the rows of the triangle.
n\k   0       1       2        3        4         5        6
-----------------------------------------------------------------
0:    1,      1,      1,       1,       1,        1,        1, ...
1:    1,      2,      3,       4,       5,        6,        7, ...
2:    2,      7,     14,      23,      34,       47,       62, ...
3:    6,     34,     86,     168,     286,      446,      654, ...
4:   24,    209,    648,    1473,    2840,     4929,     7944, ...
5:  120,   1546,   5752,   14988,   32344,    61870,   108696, ...
6:  720,  13327,  58576,  173007,  414160,   866695,  1649232, ...
7: 5040, 130922, 671568, 2228544, 5876336, 13373190, 27422352, ...

Maple

T := proc(n, k) option remember;
if n = k then return 1 elif n = k+1 then return k+1 fi;
(2*n-k-1)*T(n-1, k) - (n-k-1)^2*T(n-2, k) end:
seq(print(seq(T(n , k), k = 0..n)), n = 0..7);

Mathematica

T[n_, k_] := (-1)^(n - k) HypergeometricU[k - n, 1, -k];
Table[T[n, k], {n, 0, 9}, {k, 0, n}] // Flatten
(* Alternative: *)
TL[n_, k_] := (n - k)! LaguerreL[n - k, -k];
Table[TL[n, k], {n, 0, 9}, {k, 0, n}] // Flatten

Prog

(PARI)
T(n, k) = (n - k)!*sum(j=0, n - k, binomial(n - k, j) * k^j / j!)
for(n=0, 9, for(k=0, n, print(T(n, k))))
(SageMath) # Columns of the array.
def column(k, len):
    R.<x> = PowerSeriesRing(QQ, default_prec=len)
    f = exp(k * x / (1 - x)) / (1 - x)
    return f.egf_to_ogf().list()
for col in (0..6): print(column(col, 20))

Crossrefs

Row sums: A343848. T(2*n, n) = A277373(n). Variant: A289192.

Columns: A000142, A002720, A087912, A277382, A289147, A289211, A289212, A289213, A289214, A289215, A289216.

Cf. A021009 (Laguerre polynomials), A344048.

Sequence in context: A141712 A098539 A222073 * A135880 A077873 A123305

Adjacent sequences: A343844 A343845 A343846 * A343848 A343849 A343850

Keyword

nonn,tabl

Author

Peter Luschny, May 07 2021

Status

approved