A264401 Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) is the number of partitions of n having least gap k.

1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 3, 2, 4, 4, 2, 1, 4, 6, 4, 1, 7, 8, 5, 2, 8, 11, 8, 3, 12, 15, 10, 4, 1, 14, 20, 15, 6, 1, 21, 26, 19, 9, 2, 24, 35, 27, 12, 3, 34, 45, 34, 17, 5, 41, 58, 47, 23, 6, 1, 55, 75, 59, 31, 10, 1, 66, 96, 79, 41, 13, 2

Offset

0,9

Comments

The "least gap" or "mex" of a partition is the least positive integer that is not a part of the partition. For example, the least gap of the partition [7,4,2,2,1] is 3.

Sum of entries in row n is A000041(n).

T(n,1) = A002865(n).

Sum_{k>=1} k*T(n,k) = A022567(n).

Links

Alois P. Heinz, Rows n = 0..1000, flattened

George E. Andrews and David Newman, Partitions and the Minimal Excludant, Annals of Combinatorics, Volume 23, May 2019, Pages 249-254.

P. J. Grabner and A. Knopfmacher, Analysis of some new partition statistics, Ramanujan J., 12, 2006, 439-454.

Brian Hopkins, James A. Sellers, and Dennis Stanton, Dyson's Crank and the Mex of Integer Partitions, arXiv:2009.10873 [math.CO], 2020.

Wikipedia, Mex (mathematics)

Formula

G.f.: G(t,x) = Sum_{j>=1} (t^j*x^{j(j-1)/2}*(1-x^j))/Product_{i>=1}(1-x^i).

Example

Row n=5 is 2,3,2; indeed, the least gaps of [5], [4,1], [3,2], [3,1,1], [2,2,1], [2,1,1,1], and [1,1,1,1,1] are 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 3, and 2, respectively (i.e., two 1s, three 2s, and two 3s).
Triangle begins:
   1
   0   1
   1   1
   1   1   1
   2   2   1
   2   3   2
   4   4   2   1
   4   6   4   1
   7   8   5   2
   8  11   8   3
  12  15  10   4   1
  14  20  15   6   1
  21  26  19   9   2

Maple

g := (sum(t^j*x^((1/2)*j*(j-1))*(1-x^j), j = 1 .. 80))/(product(1-x^i, i = 1 .. 80)): gser := simplify(series(g, x = 0, 23)): for n from 0 to 30 do P[n] := sort(coeff(gser, x, n)) end do: for n from 0 to 25 do seq(coeff(P[n], t, j), j = 1 .. degree(P[n])) end do; # yields sequence in triangular form
# second Maple program:
b:= proc(n, i) option remember; `if`(n=0, `if`(i=0, [1, 0],
      [0, x]), `if`(i<1, 0, (p-> [0, p[2] +p[1]*x^i])(
      b(n, i-1)) +add(b(n-i*j, i-1), j=1..n/i)))
    end:
T:= n->(p->seq(coeff(p, x, i), i=1..degree(p)))(b(n, n+1)[2]):
seq(T(n), n=0..20);  # Alois P. Heinz, Nov 29 2015

Mathematica

Needs["Combinatorica`"]; {1, 0}~Join~Flatten[Table[Count[Map[If[# == {}, 0, First@ #] &@ Complement[Range@ n, #] &, Combinatorica`Partitions@ n], n_ /; n == k], {n, 17}, {k, n}] /. 0 -> Nothing] (* Michael De Vlieger, Nov 21 2015 *)
mingap[q_]:=Min@@Complement[Range[If[q=={}, 0, Max[q]]+1], q]; Table[Length[Select[IntegerPartitions[n], mingap[#]==k&]], {n, 0, 15}, {k, Round[Sqrt[2*(n+1)]]}] (* Gus Wiseman, Apr 19 2021 *)
b[n_, i_] := b[n, i] = If[n == 0, If[i == 0, {1, 0}, {0, x}], If[i<1, {0, 0}, {0, #[[2]] + #[[1]]*x^i}&[b[n, i-1]] + Sum[b[n-i*j, i - 1], {j, 1, n/i}]]];
T[n_] := CoefficientList[b[n, n + 1], x][[2]] // Rest;
T /@ Range[0, 20] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, May 21 2021, after Alois P. Heinz *)

Crossrefs

Row sums are A000041.

Row lengths are A002024.

Column k = 1 is A002865.

Column k = 2 is A027336.

The strict case is A343348.

A000009 counts strict partitions.

A000041 counts partitions.

A000070 counts partitions with a selected part.

A006128 counts partitions with a selected position.

A015723 counts strict partitions with a selected part.

A257993 gives the least gap of the partition with Heinz number n.

A339564 counts factorizations with a selected factor.

A342050 ranks partitions with even least gap.

A342051 ranks partitions with odd least gap.

Cf. A003242, A022567, A048004, A083710, A098743, A130689, A338470, A343341.

Sequence in context: A022872 A091423 A221914 * A173304 A029251 A263073

Adjacent sequences: A264398 A264399 A264400 * A264402 A264403 A264404

Keyword

nonn,tabf

Author

Emeric Deutsch, Nov 21 2015

Status

approved