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A260147
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G.f.: (1/2) * Sum_{n=-oo..+oo} x^n * (1 + x^n)^n, an even function.
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15
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1, 2, 1, 5, 1, 6, 8, 8, 1, 25, 12, 12, 29, 14, 36, 77, 1, 18, 151, 20, 71, 135, 166, 24, 121, 236, 287, 307, 30, 30, 1141, 32, 1, 727, 681, 1247, 314, 38, 970, 1652, 1821, 42, 2633, 44, 331, 6590, 1772, 48, 497, 3053, 7146, 6801, 1717, 54, 4051, 7427, 8009, 12389, 3655, 60, 17842, 62, 4496, 42841, 1, 15731, 6470, 68, 19449, 34754, 65781
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OFFSET
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0,2
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COMMENTS
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Compare to the curious identities:
(1) Sum_{n=-oo..+oo} x^n * (1 - x^n)^n = 0.
(2) Sum_{n=-oo..+oo} (-x)^n * (1 + x^n)^n = 0.
Given G(x,q) = Sum_{n=-oo..+oo} (1 + q^n)^n * q^n * x^n, then
[x^0] G(x,q)^2 = theta_3(q) = 1 + 2*q + 2*q^4 + 2*q^9 + 2*q^16 + 2*q^25 +...
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LINKS
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FORMULA
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The g.f. A(x) = Sum_{n>=0} a(n)*x^n satisfies:
(1) A(x^2) = (1/2) * Sum_{n=-oo..+oo} x^n * (1 + x^n)^n.
(2) A(x^2) = (1/2) * Sum_{n=-oo..+oo} (-x)^n * (1 - x^n)^n.
(3) A(x^2) = (1/2) * Sum_{n=-oo..+oo} x^(n^2-n) / (1 + x^n)^n.
(4) A(x^2) = (1/2) * Sum_{n=-oo..+oo} x^(n^2-n) / (1 - x^n)^n.
(5) A(x) = Sum_{n=-oo..+oo} x^n * (1 + x^n)^(2*n).
(6) A(x) = Sum_{n=-oo..+oo} x^n * (1 - x^n)^(2*n).
(7) A(x) = Sum_{n=-oo..+oo} x^(2*n^2-n) / (1 - x^n)^(2*n).
(8) A(x) = Sum_{n=-oo..+oo} x^(2*n^2-n) / (1 + x^n)^(2*n).
a(2^n) = 1 for n > 0 (conjecture).
a(p) = p+1 for primes p > 3 (conjecture).
The following are conjectural:
A(x^2) = Sum_{n = -oo..+oo} x^(2*n+1)*(1 + x^(2*n+1) )^(2*n+1).
Equivalently: A(x^2) = Sum_{n = -oo..+oo} x^(4*n^2 + 2*n)/(1 + x^(2*n+1))^(2*n+1).
a(2*n+1) = [x^(2*n+1)] Sum_{n = -oo..+oo} x^(2*n+1)*(1 + x^(2*n+1))^(4*n+2)
More generally, for k = 1,2,3,..., a((2^k)*(2*n + 1)) = [x^(2*n+1)] Sum_{n = -oo..+oo} x^(2*n+1)*(1 + x^(2*n+1))^(2^(k+1)*(2*n+1)).
a(2*n+1) = [x^(2*n+1)] Sum_{n = -oo..+oo} (-1)^(n+1)*x^n*(1 + x^n)^(2*n) = [x^(2*n+1)] Sum_{n = -oo..+oo} (-1)^(n+1)*x^n*(1 - x^n)^(2*n).
More generally, for k = 1,2,3,...,
a((2^k)*(2*n+1)) = [x^(2*n+1)] Sum_{n = -oo..+oo} (-1)^(n+1)*x^n*(1 + x^n)^(2^(k+1)*n) = [x^(2*n+1)] Sum_{n = -oo..+oo} (-1)^(n+1)*x^n*(1 - x^n)^(2^(k+1)*n).
a(4*n+2) = [x^(4*n+2)] Sum_{n = -oo..+oo} (-1)^n*x^n*(1 + x^n)^(2*n) = [x^(4*n+2)] Sum_{n = -oo..+oo} (-1)^n*x^n*(1 - x^n)^(2*n).
a(n) = [x^(2*n)] Sum_{n = -oo..+oo} (-1)^n*x^(2*n+1)*(1 + (-1)^n* x^(2*n+1) )^(2*n+1).
For k = 1,2,3,...,
a((2^k)*(2*n+1)) = [x^(2*n+1)] Sum_{n = -oo..+oo} x^(2*n+1)*(1 + (-1)^n* x^(2*n+1) )^(2^(k+1)*(2*n+1)).
(End)
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EXAMPLE
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G.f.: A(x) = 1 + 2*x^2 + x^4 + 5*x^6 + x^8 + 6*x^10 + 8*x^12 + 8*x^14 + x^16 + 25*x^18 + 12*x^20 +...
where 2*A(x) = 1 + P(x) + N(x) with
P(x) = x*(1+x) + x^2*(1+x^2)^2 + x^3*(1+x^3)^3 + x^4*(1+x^4)^4 + x^5*(1+x^5)^5 +...
N(x) = 1/(1+x) + x^2/(1+x^2)^2 + x^6/(1+x^3)^3 + x^12/(1+x^4)^4 + x^20/(1+x^5)^5 +...
Explicitly,
P(x) = x + 2*x^2 + x^3 + 3*x^4 + x^5 + 5*x^6 + x^7 + 5*x^8 + 4*x^9 + 6*x^10 + x^11 + 14*x^12 + x^13 + 8*x^14 + 11*x^15 + 13*x^16 + x^17 + 25*x^18 + x^19 + 22*x^20 + 22*x^21 + 12*x^22 + x^23 + 61*x^24 + 6*x^25 +...+ A217668(n)*x^n +...
N(x) = 1 - x + 2*x^2 - x^3 - x^4 - x^5 + 5*x^6 - x^7 - 3*x^8 - 4*x^9 + 6*x^10 - x^11 + 2*x^12 - x^13 + 8*x^14 - 11*x^15 - 11*x^16 - x^17 + 25*x^18 - x^19 + 2*x^20 - 22*x^21 + 12*x^22 - x^23 - 3*x^24 - 6*x^25 +...+ A260148(n)*x^n +...
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MATHEMATICA
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terms = 100; max = 2 terms; 1/2 Sum[x^n*(1 + x^n)^n, {n, -max, max}] + O[x]^max // CoefficientList[#, x^2]& (* Jean-François Alcover, May 16 2017 *)
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PROG
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(PARI) {a(n) = local(A=1); A = sum(k=-2*n-2, 2*n+2, x^k*(1+x^k)^k/2 + O(x^(2*n+2)) ); polcoeff(A, 2*n)}
for(n=0, 60, print1(a(n), ", "))
(PARI) {a(n) = local(A=1); A = sum(k=-2*n-2, 2*n+2, x^(k^2-k) / (1 + x^k)^k /2 + O(x^(2*n+2)) ); polcoeff(A, 2*n)}
for(n=0, 60, print1(a(n), ", "))
(PARI) {a(n) = local(A=1); A = sum(k=-sqrtint(n)-1, n+1, x^k*((1+x^k)^(2*k) + (1-x^k)^(2*k))/2 + O(x^(n+1)) ); polcoeff(A, n)}
for(n=0, 60, print1(a(n), ", "))
(PARI) {a(n) = local(A=1); A = sum(k=-n-1, n+1, x^k*(1+x^k)^(2*k) + O(x^(n+1)) ); polcoeff(A, n)}
for(n=0, 60, print1(a(n), ", "))
(PARI) {a(n) = local(A=1); A = sum(k=-n-1, n+1, x^(2*k^2-k)/(1-x^k + O(x^(n+1)))^(2*k) ); polcoeff(A, n)}
for(n=0, 60, print1(a(n), ", "))
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CROSSREFS
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KEYWORD
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nonn,easy
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AUTHOR
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STATUS
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approved
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