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A002129
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Generalized sum of divisors function: excess of sum of odd divisors of n over sum of even divisors of n.
(Formerly M3236 N1307)
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70
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1, -1, 4, -5, 6, -4, 8, -13, 13, -6, 12, -20, 14, -8, 24, -29, 18, -13, 20, -30, 32, -12, 24, -52, 31, -14, 40, -40, 30, -24, 32, -61, 48, -18, 48, -65, 38, -20, 56, -78, 42, -32, 44, -60, 78, -24, 48, -116, 57, -31, 72, -70, 54, -40, 72, -104, 80, -30, 60, -120, 62, -32, 104, -125
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OFFSET
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1,3
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COMMENTS
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Glaisher calls this zeta(n) or zeta_1(n). - N. J. A. Sloane, Nov 24 2018
Coefficients in expansion of Sum_{n >= 1} x^n/(1+x^n)^2 = Sum_{n >= 1} (-1)^(n-1)*n*x^n/(1-x^n).
Unsigned sequence is A113184. - Peter Bala, Dec 14 2020
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REFERENCES
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L. Comtet, Advanced Combinatorics, Reidel, 1974, p. 162, #16, (6), 3rd formula.
Steven R. Finch, Mathematical Constants, Cambridge, 2003, pp. 259-262.
N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
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LINKS
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Seiichi Manyama, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000 (terms 1..1000 from T. D. Noe)
Steven R. Finch, The "One-Ninth" Constant [Broken link]
Steven R. Finch, The "One-Ninth" Constant [From the Wayback machine]
J. W. L. Glaisher, On the representations of a number as the sum of two, four, six, eight, ten, and twelve squares, Quart. J. Math. 38 (1907), 1-62 (see p. 4 and p. 8).
Heekyoung Hahn, Convolution sums of some functions on divisors, arXiv:1507.04426 [math.NT], 2015.
P. A. MacMahon, Divisors of numbers and their continuations in the theory of partitions, Proc. London Math. Soc., (2) 19 (1919), 75-113; Coll. Papers II, pp. 303-341.
Index entries for sequences mentioned by Glaisher
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FORMULA
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Multiplicative with a(p^e) = 3-2^(e+1) if p = 2; (p^(e+1)-1)/(p-1) if p > 2. - David W. Wilson, Sep 01 2001
G.f.: Sum_{n>=1} n*x^n*(1-3*x^n)/(1-x^(2*n)). - Vladeta Jovovic, Oct 15 2002
L.g.f.: Sum_{n>=1} a(n)*x^n/n = log[ Sum_{n>=0} x^(n(n+1)/2) ], the log of the g.f. of A010054. - Paul D. Hanna, Jun 28 2008
Dirichlet g.f. zeta(s)*zeta(s-1)*(1-4/2^s). Dirichlet convolution of A000203 and the quasi-finite (1,-4,0,0,0,...). - R. J. Mathar, Mar 04 2011
a(n) = A000593(n)-A146076(n). - R. J. Mathar, Mar 05 2011
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EXAMPLE
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a(28) = 40 because the sum of the even divisors of 28 (2, 4, 14 and 28) = 48 and the sum of the odd divisors of 28 (1 and 7) = 8, their absolute difference being 40.
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MAPLE
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A002129 := proc(n) -add((-1)^d*d, d=numtheory[divisors](n)) ; end proc: # R. J. Mathar, Mar 05 2011
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MATHEMATICA
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f[n_] := Block[{c = Divisors@ n}, Plus @@ Select[c, EvenQ] - Plus @@ Select[c, OddQ]]; Array[f, 64] (* Robert G. Wilson v, Mar 04 2011 *)
a[n_] := DivisorSum[n, -(-1)^#*#&]; Array[a, 80] (* Jean-François Alcover, Dec 01 2015 *)
f[p_, e_] := If[p == 2, 3 - 2^(e + 1), (p^(e + 1) - 1)/(p - 1)]; a[1] = 1; a[n_] := Times @@ (f @@@ FactorInteger[n]); Array[a, 64] (* Amiram Eldar, Jul 20 2019 *)
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PROG
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(PARI) a(n)=if(n<1, 0, -sumdiv(n, d, (-1)^d*d))
(PARI) {a(n)=n*polcoeff(log(sum(k=0, (sqrtint(8*n+1)-1)\2, x^(k*(k+1)/2))+x*O(x^n)), n)} \\ Paul D. Hanna, Jun 28 2008
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CROSSREFS
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A diagonal of A060044.
a(2^n) = -A036563(n+1). a(3^n) = A003462(n+1).
First differences of -A024919(n).
Cf. A010054, A113184.
Sequence in context: A016719 A196999 A090370 * A113184 A136004 A248864
Adjacent sequences: A002126 A002127 A002128 * A002130 A002131 A002132
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KEYWORD
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sign,easy,nice,mult
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AUTHOR
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N. J. A. Sloane
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EXTENSIONS
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Better description and more terms from Robert G. Wilson v, Dec 14 2000
More terms from N. J. A. Sloane, Mar 19 2001
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STATUS
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approved
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