A166486 Periodic sequence [0,1,1,1] of length 4; Characteristic function of numbers that are not multiples of 4.

0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0

Offset

0,1

Links

Antti Karttunen, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..65537

Michael Somos, Rational Function Multiplicative Coefficients

Index entries for characteristic functions

Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (0,0,0,1).

Formula

G.f.: (x + x^2 + x^3) / (1 - x^4) = x * (1 + x + x^2) / ((1 - x) * (1 + x) * (1 + x^2)) = x * (1 - x^3) / ((1 - x) * (1 - x^4)).

a(n) = (3 - i^n - (-i)^n - (-1)^n) / 4, where i=sqrt(-1).

Sum_{k>0} a(k)/(k*3^k) = log(5)/4.

From Reinhard Zumkeller, Nov 30 2009: (Start)

Multiplicative with a(p^e) = (if p=2 then 0^(e-1) else 1), p prime and e>0.

a(n) = 1-A121262(n).

a(A042968(n))=1; a(A008586(n))=0.

A033436(n) = Sum{k=0..n} a(k)*(n-k).

(End)

a(n) = 1/2*((n^3+n) mod 4). - Gary Detlefs, Mar 20 2010

a(n) = (Fibonacci(n)*Fibonacci(3n) mod 3)/2. - Gary Detlefs Dec 21 2010

Euler transform of length 4 sequence [ 1, 0, -1, 1]. - Michael Somos, Feb 12 2011

Dirichlet g.f. (1-1/4^s)*zeta(s). - R. J. Mathar, Feb 19 2011

a(n) = Fibonacci(n)^2 mod 3. - Gary Detlefs, May 16 2011

a(n) = -1/4*cos(Pi*n)-1/2*cos(1/2*Pi*n)+3/4. - Leonid Bedratyuk, May 13, 2012

For the general case: the characteristic function of numbers that are not multiples of m is a(n)=floor((n-1)/m)-floor(n/m)+1, m,n > 0. - Boris Putievskiy, May 08 2013

a(n) = ceiling(n/4) - floor(n/4). - Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jun 20 2014

a(n) = a(-n) for all n in Z. - Michael Somos, May 05 2015

For n >= 1, a(n) = A053866(A225546(n)) = A000035(A331733(n)). - Antti Karttunen, Jul 07 2020

a(n) = signum(n mod 4). - Alois P. Heinz, May 12 2021

From Antti Karttunen, Dec 28 2022: (Start)

a(n) = [A010873(n) > 0], where [ ] is the Iverson bracket.

a(n) = abs(A046978(n)) = abs(A075553(n)) = abs(A131729(n)) = abs(A358839(n)).

For all n >= 1, a(n) = abs(A112299(n)) = abs(A257196(n))

a(n) = A152822(2+n).

a(n) = A359370(n) + A359372(n).

(End)

Example

G.f. = x + x^2 + x^3 + x^5 + x^6 + x^7 + x^9 + x^10 + x^11 + x^13 + x^14 + ...

Maple

seq(1/2*((n^3+n) mod 4), n=0..50); # Gary Detlefs, Mar 20 2010

Mathematica

PadRight[{}, 120, {0, 1, 1, 1}] (* Harvey P. Dale, Jul 04 2013 *)
Table[Ceiling[n/4] - Floor[n/4], {n, 0, 100}] (* Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jun 20 2014 *)
a[ n_] := Sign[ Mod[n, 4]]; (* Michael Somos, May 05 2015 *)

Prog

(PARI) {a(n) = !!(n%4)};
(Magma) [Ceiling(n/4)-Floor(n/4) : n in [0..50]]; // Wesley Ivan Hurt, Jun 20 2014
(Python)
def A166486(n): return (0, 1, 1, 1)[n&3] # Chai Wah Wu, Jan 03 2023

Crossrefs

Characteristic function of A042968, whose complement A008586 gives the positions of zeros (after its initial term).

Absolute values of A046978, A075553, A131729, A358839, and for n >= 1, also of A112299 and of A257196.

Sequence A152822 shifted by two terms.

Parity of A327860, A331733, A342002, A351083 and A345000.

Row 3 of A225145, Column 2 of A229940 (after the initial term).

First differences of A057353. Sum of A359370 and A359372.

Cf. A000035, A011655, A011558, A097325, A109720, A168181, A168182, A168184, A145568, A168185 (characteristic functions for numbers that are not multiples of k = 2, 3 and 5..12).

Cf. A016628, A164985, A165132.

Cf. A010873, A033436, A069733 (inverse Möbius transform), A121262 (one's complement), A190621 [= n*a(n)], A355689 (Dirichlet inverse).

Sequence in context: A188260 A341625 A359550 * A046978 A075553 A131729

Adjacent sequences: A166483 A166484 A166485 * A166487 A166488 A166489

Keyword

nonn,mult,easy

Author

Jaume Oliver Lafont, Oct 15 2009

Extensions

Secondary definition (from Reinhard Zumkeller's Nov 30 2009 comment) added to the name by Antti Karttunen, Dec 20 2022

Status

approved