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A160118
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Number of "ON" cells at n-th stage in simple 2-dimensional cellular automaton (see Comments for precise definition).
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17
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0, 1, 9, 13, 41, 45, 73, 85, 169, 173, 201, 213, 297, 309, 393, 429, 681, 685, 713, 725, 809, 821, 905, 941, 1193, 1205, 1289, 1325, 1577, 1613, 1865, 1973, 2729, 2733, 2761, 2773, 2857, 2869, 2953, 2989, 3241, 3253, 3337, 3373, 3625, 3661, 3913, 4021, 4777, 4789
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OFFSET
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0,3
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COMMENTS
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On the infinite square grid, we start at stage 0 with all square cells in the OFF state.
Define a "peninsula cell" to a cell that is connected to the structure by exactly one of its vertices.
At stage 1 we turn ON a single cell in the central position.
For n>1, if n is even, at stage n we turn ON all the OFF neighboring cells from cells that were turned in ON at stage n-1.
For n>1, if n is odd, at stage n we turn ON all the peninsular OFF cells.
For the corresponding corner sequence, see A160796.
An animation will show the fractal-like behavior (cf. A139250).
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LINKS
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FORMULA
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a(2n-1) = 9 + 4*Sum_{k=2..n} A147610(k) + 28*Sum_{k=2..n-1} A147610(k), n >= 2.
a(2n) = 9 + 4*Sum_{k=2..n} A147610(k) + 28*Sum_{k=2..n} A147610(k), n >= 1.
(End)
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EXAMPLE
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If we label the generations of cells turned ON by consecutive numbers we get the cell pattern shown below:
9...............9
.888.888.888.888.
.878.878.878.878.
.8866688.8866688.
...656.....656...
.8866444.4446688.
.878.434.434.878.
.888.4422244.888.
.......212.......
.888.4422244.888.
.878.434.434.878.
.8866444.4446688.
...656.....656...
.8866688.8866688.
.878.878.878.878.
.888.888.888.888.
9...............9
In the first generation, only the central "1" is ON, a(1)=1. In the next generation, we turn ON eight "2" around the central cell, leading to a(2)=a(1)+8=9. In the third generation, four "3" are turned ON at the vertices of the square, a(3)=a(2)+4=13. And so on...
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MATHEMATICA
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With[{d = 2}, wt[n_] := DigitCount[n, 2, 1]; a[n_] := If[OddQ[n], 3^d + (2^d)*Sum[(2^d - 1)^(wt[k] - 1), {k, 1, (n - 1)/2}] + (2^d)*(3^d - 2)*Sum[(2^d - 1)^(wt[k] - 1), {k, 1, (n - 3)/2}], 3^d + (2^d)*Sum[(2^d - 1)^(wt[k] - 1), {k, 1, n/2 - 1}] + (2^d)*(3^d - 2)*Sum[(2^d - 1)^(wt[k] - 1), {k, 1, n/2 - 1}]]; a[0] = 0; a[1] = 1; Array[a, 50, 0]] (* Amiram Eldar, Aug 01 2023 *)
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CROSSREFS
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KEYWORD
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nonn
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AUTHOR
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EXTENSIONS
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a(13) corrected at the suggestion of Sean A. Irvine. Then I corrected 19 terms between a(14) and a(38). Finally I added a(39)-a(42). - Omar E. Pol, Mar 21 2011
Incorrect comment (in "formula" section) removed by Omar E. Pol, Mar 23 2011, with agreement of author.
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STATUS
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approved
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