OFFSET
3,2
COMMENTS
Binomial transform of A037955. - Paul Barry, Dec 28 2006
Apparently, the number of Dyck paths of semilength n that contain at least one UUU but avoid UUU's starting above level 0. - David Scambler, Jul 02 2013
a(n) = number of paths in the half-plane x >= 0 from (0,0) to (n-1,2) or (n-1,-3), and consisting of steps U=(1,1), D=(1,-1) and H=(1,0). For example, for n=5, we have the 14 paths: HHUU, UUHH, UHHU, HUUH, HUHU, UHUH, UDUU, UUDU, UUUD, DUUU, DDDH, HDDD, DHDD, DDHD. - José Luis Ramírez Ramírez, Apr 19 2015
REFERENCES
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
LINKS
Reinhard Zumkeller, Table of n, a(n) for n = 3..1000
Jean-Luc Baril and José Luis Ramírez, Descent distribution on Catalan words avoiding ordered pairs of Relations, arXiv:2302.12741 [math.CO], 2023.
D. Gouyou-Beauchamps and G. Viennot, Equivalence of the two-dimensional directed animal problem to a one-dimensional path problem, Adv. in Appl. Math. 9 (1988), no. 3, 334-357.
FORMULA
D-finite with recurrence (n+2)*(n-3)*a(n) = 2*n*(n-1)*a(n-1) + 3*(n-1)*(n-2)*a(n-2), a(2)=0, a(3)=1. - Michael Somos, Feb 02 2002
G.f.: (x^2 + x - 1 +(x^2 - 3*x + 1)*sqrt((1+x)/(1-3*x)))/(2*x^2).
From Paul Barry, Dec 28 2006: (Start)
E.g.f.: exp(x)*(Bessel_I(2,2*x) + Bessel_I(3,2*x));
a(n+1) = Sum_{k=0..n} C(n,k)*C(k,floor(k/2)-1). (End)
a(n) ~ 3^(n-1/2) / sqrt(Pi*n). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Feb 25 2014
G.f.: (z^3*M(z)^2+z^4*M(z)^3)/(1-z-2*z^2*M(z)), where M(z) is the g.f. of Motzkin paths. - José Luis Ramírez Ramírez, Apr 19 2015
a(n) = GegenbauerC(n-4,-n+1,-1/2) + GegenbauerC(n-3,-n+1,-1/2). - Peter Luschny, May 12 2016
0 = a(n)*(+9*a(n+1) - 63*a(n+2) - 54*a(n+3) + 87*a(n+4) - 21*a(n+5))+ a(n+1)*(+21*a(n+1) + 79*a(n+2) + 13*a(n+3) - 118*a(n+4) + 35*a(n+5)) + a(n+2)*(-14*a(n+2) + 79*a(n+3) - 67*a(n+4) + 14*a(n+5)) + a(n+3)*(+6*a(n+3) + 19*a(n+4) - 11*a(n+5)) + a(n+4)*(+a(n+4) + a(n+5)) if n >= 0. - Michael Somos, May 12 2016
EXAMPLE
G.f. = x^3 + 4*x^4 + 14*x^5 + 45*x^6 + 140*x^7 + 427*x^8 + 1288*x^9 + 3858*x^10 + ...
MAPLE
seq(simplify(GegenbauerC(n-4, -n+1, -1/2) + GegenbauerC(n-3, -n+1, -1/2)), n=3..28); # Peter Luschny, May 12 2016
MATHEMATICA
nmax = 28; t[n_ /; n > 0, k_ /; k >= 1] := t[n, k] = t[n-1, k-1] + t[n-1, k] + t[n-1, k+1]; t[0, 0] = 1; t[0, _] = 0; t[_?Negative, _?Negative] = 0; t[n_, 0] := 2*t[n-1, 0] + t[n-1, 1]; a[n_] := t[n-1, 2]; Table[a[n], {n, 3, nmax} ] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jul 03 2013, from A038622 *)
PROG
(PARI) {a(n) = polcoeff( (x^2 + x - 1 + (x^2 - 3*x + 1) * sqrt((1 + x) / (1 - 3*x) + x^3 * O(x^n))) / (2*x^2), n)};
(PARI) {a(n) = n--; sum(k=0, n, binomial(n, k) * binomial(k, k\2 -1))}; /* Michael Somos, May 12 2016 */
(Haskell)
a005775 = flip a038622 2 . (subtract 1) -- Reinhard Zumkeller, Feb 26 2013
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
nonn,easy
AUTHOR
EXTENSIONS
More terms from Randall L Rathbun, Jan 19 2002
Edited by Michael Somos, Feb 02 2002
STATUS
approved