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A229130
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Number of permutations i_0, i_1, ..., i_n of 0, 1, ..., n with i_0 = 0 and i_n = n such that the n+1 numbers i_0^2+i_1, i_1^2+i_2, ..., i_{n-1}^2+i_n, i_n^2+i_0 are all relatively prime to both n-1 and n+1.
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3
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1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 6, 3, 42, 68, 2794, 0, 5311604, 478, 57009, 2716452, 10778632, 207360, 39187872956340, 106144, 26869397610, 11775466120, 22062519153360, 559350576, 29991180449906858400, 257272815600, 12675330087321600, 52248156883498208
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OFFSET
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1,6
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COMMENTS
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Conjecture: a(n) > 0 except for n = 2, 5, 11. Similarly, for any positive integer n not equal to 4, there is a permutation i_0, i_1, ..., i_n of 0, 1, ..., n with i_0 = 0 and i_n = n such that the n+1 numbers i_0^2-i_1, i_1^2-i_2, ..., i_{n-1}^2-i_n, i_n^2-i_0 are all coprime to both n-1 and n+1.
Zhi-Wei Sun also made the following general conjecture:
For any positive integer k, define E(k) to be the set of those positive integers n for which there is no permutation i_0, i_1, ..., i_n of 0, 1, ..., n with i_0 = 0 and i_n = n such that all the n+1 numbers i_0^k+i_1, i_1^k+i_2, ..., i_{n-1}^k+i_n, i_n^k+i_0 are coprime to both n-1 and n+1. Then E(k) is always finite; in particular, E(1) = {2,4}, E(2) = {2,5,11} and E(3) = {2,4}.
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LINKS
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EXAMPLE
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a(3) = 1 due to the permutation (i_0,i_1,i_2,i_3)=(0,1,2,3).
a(4) = 1 due to the permutation (0,1,3,2,4).
a(6) = 1 due to the permutations
(0,1,3,2,5,4,6), (0,1,3,4,2,5,6), (0,2,5,1,3,4,6),
(0,3,2,4,1,5,6), (0,3,4,1,2,5,6), (0,4,1,3,2,5,6).
a(7) = 3 due to the permutations
(0,1,6,5,4,3,2,7), (0,5,4,3,2,1,6,7), (0,5,6,1,4,3,2,7).
a(8) > 0 due to the permutation (0,2,1,4,6,5,7,3,8).
a(9) > 0 due to the permutation (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9).
a(10) > 0 due to the permutation (0,1,3,5,4,7,9,8,6,2,10).
a(11) = 0 since 6 is the unique i among 0,...,11 with i^2+5 coprime to 11^2-1, and it is also the unique j among 1,...,10 with j^2+11 coprime to 11^2-1.
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MATHEMATICA
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(* A program to compute required permutations for n = 8. *)
V[i_]:=Part[Permutations[{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}], i]
m=0
Do[Do[If[GCD[If[j==0, 0, Part[V[i], j]]^2+If[j<7, Part[V[i], j+1], 8], 8^2-1]>1, Goto[aa]], {j, 0, 7}];
m=m+1; Print[m, ":", " ", 0, " ", Part[V[i], 1], " ", Part[V[i], 2], " ", Part[V[i], 3], " ", Part[V[i], 4], " ", Part[V[i], 5], " ", Part[V[i], 6], " ", Part[V[i], 7], " ", 8]; Label[aa]; Continue, {i, 1, 7!}]
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CROSSREFS
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KEYWORD
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nonn,hard
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AUTHOR
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EXTENSIONS
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STATUS
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approved
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