OFFSET
1,1
COMMENTS
If n > 2 and sigma(n) is prime, then n must be an even power of a prime number. For example, 1093 = sigma(3^6). - T. D. Noe, Jan 20 2004
All primes of the form 2^n-1 (Mersenne primes) are in the sequence because if n is a natural number then sigma(2^(n-1)) = 2^n-1. So A000668 is a subsequence of this sequence. If sigma(n) is prime then n is of the form p^(q-1) where both p & q are prime (the proof is easy). - Farideh Firoozbakht, May 28 2005
Primes of the form 1 + p + p^2 + ... + p^k where p is prime.
If n = sigma(p^k) is in the sequence, then k+1 is prime. - Franklin T. Adams-Watters, Dec 19 2011
Primes that are a repunit in a prime base. - Franklin T. Adams-Watters, Dec 19 2011.
Except for 3, these primes are particular Brazilian primes belonging to A085104. These prime numbers are also Brazilian primes of the form (p^x - 1)/(p^y - 1), p prime, belonging to A003424, with here x is prime, and y = 1. [See section V.4 of Quadrature article in Links.] - Bernard Schott, Dec 25 2012
From Bernard Schott, Dec 25 2012: (Start)
Others subsequences of this sequence:
A053183 for 111_p = p^2 + p + 1 when p is prime.
A190527 for 11111_p = p^4 + p^3 + p^2 + p + 1 when p is prime.
A194257 for 1111111_p = p^6 + p^5 + p^4 + p^3 + p^2 + p + 1 when p is prime. (End)
Subsequence of primes from A002191. - Michel Marcus, Jun 10 2014
LINKS
David W. Wilson, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
Bernard Schott, Les nombres brésiliens, Quadrature, no. 76, avril-juin 2010, pages 30-38; included here with permission from the editors of Quadrature.
EXAMPLE
307 = 1 + 17 + 17^2; 307 and 17 are primes.
MATHEMATICA
t={3}; lim=10^9; n=1; While[p=Prime[n]; k=2; s=1+p+p^2; s<lim, While[s<lim, If[PrimeQ[s], AppendTo[t, s]]; k=k+2; s=s+(1+p)p^(k-1)]; n++]; t=Union[t]
Select[DivisorSigma[1, Range[2 10^6]], PrimeQ]//Union (* Harvey P. Dale, Jun 18 2022 *)
PROG
(PARI) upto(lim)=my(v=List([3]), t); forprime(p=2, solve(x=1, lim^(1/4), x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1-lim), forprime(e=5, 1+log(lim)\log(p), if(isprime(t=sigma(p^(e-1))) && t<=lim, listput(v, t)))); forprime(p=2, solve(x=1, lim^(1/2), x^2+x+1-lim), if(isprime(t=p^2+p+1), listput(v, t))); vecsort(Vec(v), , 8) \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Dec 20 2011
(Python)
from sympy import isprime, divisor_sigma
A023195_list = sorted(set([3]+[n for n in (divisor_sigma(d**2) for d in range(1, 10**4)) if isprime(n)])) # Chai Wah Wu, Jul 23 2016
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
nonn
AUTHOR
STATUS
approved