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A005708
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a(n) = a(n-1) + a(n-6), with a(i) = 1 for i = 0..5.
(Formerly M0496)
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26
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1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 12, 16, 21, 27, 34, 43, 55, 71, 92, 119, 153, 196, 251, 322, 414, 533, 686, 882, 1133, 1455, 1869, 2402, 3088, 3970, 5103, 6558, 8427, 10829, 13917, 17887, 22990, 29548, 37975, 48804, 62721, 80608, 103598, 133146, 171121, 219925, 282646
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OFFSET
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0,7
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COMMENTS
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This comment covers a family of sequences which satisfy a recurrence of the form a(n) = a(n-1) + a(n-m), with a(n) = 1 for n = 0...m-1. The generating function is 1/(1-x-x^m). Also a(n) = sum_{i=0..n/m} binomial(n-(m-1)*i, i). This family of binomial summations or recurrences gives the number of ways to cover (without overlapping) a linear lattice of n sites with molecules that are m sites wide. Special case: m=1: A000079; m=4: A003269; m=5: A003520; m=6: A005708; m=7: A005709; m=8: A005710.
For n>=6, a(n-6) = number of compositions of n in which each part is >=6. - Milan Janjic, Jun 28 2010
Number of compositions of n into parts 1 and 6. - Joerg Arndt, Jun 24 2011
The compositions of n in which each natural number is colored by one of p different colors are called p-colored compositions of n. For n>=6, 2*a(n-6) equals the number of 2-colored compositions of n with all parts >=6, such that no adjacent parts have the same color. - Milan Janjic, Nov 27 2011
a(n+5) equals the number of binary words of length n having at least 5 zeros between every two successive ones. - Milan Janjic, Feb 07 2015
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REFERENCES
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N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
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LINKS
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T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n=0..500
Bruce M. Boman, Thien-Nam Dinh, Keith Decker, Brooks Emerick, Christopher Raymond, Gilberto Schleinger, Why do Fibonacci numbers appear in patterns of growth in nature?, in Fibonacci Quarterly, 55(5): pp 30-41, (2017).
E. Di Cera and Y. Kong, Theory of multivalent binding in one and two-dimensional lattices, Biophysical Chemistry, Vol. 61 (1996), pp. 107-124.
I. M. Gessel, Ji Li, Compositions and Fibonacci identities, J. Int. Seq. 16 (2013) 13.4.5
R. K. Guy, Letter to N. J. A. Sloane with attachment, 1988
V. C. Harris, C. C. Styles, A generalization of Fibonacci numbers, Fib. Quart. 2 (1964) 277-289, sequence u(n,5,1).
V. E. Hoggatt, Jr., 7-page typed letter to N. J. A. Sloane with suggestions for new sequences, circa 1977.
D. Kleitman, Solution to Problem E3274, Amer. Math. Monthly, 98 (1991), 958-959.
R. J. Mathar, Tiling n x m rectangles with 1 x 1 and s x s squares, arXiv:1609.03964 (2016), Section 4.5
Augustine O. Munagi, Integer Compositions and Higher-Order Conjugation, J. Int. Seq., Vol. 21 (2018), Article 18.8.5.
D. Newman, Problem E3274, Amer. Math. Monthly, 95 (1988), 555.
Simon Plouffe, Approximations de séries génératrices et quelques conjectures, Dissertation, Université du Québec à Montréal, 1992.
Simon Plouffe, 1031 Generating Functions and Conjectures, Université du Québec à Montréal, 1992.
INRIA Algorithms Project, Encyclopedia of Combinatorial Structures 379
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (1,0,0,0,0,1).
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FORMULA
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G.f.: 1/(1-x-x^6). - Simon Plouffe in his 1992 dissertation
a(n) = term (1,1) in the 6 X 6 matrix [1,1,0,0,0,0; 0,0,1,0,0,0; 0,0,0,1,0,0; 0,0,0,0,1,0; 0,0,0,0,0,1]; 1,0,0,0,0,0]^n. - Alois P. Heinz, Jul 27 2008
For positive integers n and k such that k <= n <= 6*k and 5 divides n-k, define c(n,k) = binomial(k,(n-k)/5), and c(n,k)=0, otherwise. Then, for n>= 1, a(n) = sum_{k=1..n} c(n,k). - Milan Janjic, Dec 09 2011
Apparently a(n) = hypergeometric([1/6-n/6, 1/3-n/6, 1/2-n/6, 2/3-n/6, 5/6-n/6, -n/6], [1/5-n/5, 2/5-n/5, 3/5- n/5, 4/5-n/5, -n/5], -6^6/5^5) for n>=25. - Peter Luschny, Sep 19 2014
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MAPLE
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with(combstruct): SeqSetU := [S, {S=Sequence(U), U=Set(Z, card > 5)}, unlabeled]: seq(count(SeqSetU, size=j), j=6..59); # Zerinvary Lajos, Oct 10 2006
ZL:=[S, {a = Atom, b = Atom, S = Prod(X, Sequence(Prod(X, b))), X = Sequence(b, card >= 5)}, unlabelled]: seq(combstruct[count](ZL, size=n), n=5..58); # Zerinvary Lajos, Mar 26 2008
M := Matrix(6, (i, j)-> if j=1 and member(i, [1, 6]) then 1 elif (i=j-1) then 1 else 0 fi); a:= n-> (M^(n))[1, 1]; seq(a(n), n=0..60); # Alois P. Heinz, Jul 27 2008
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MATHEMATICA
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LinearRecurrence[{1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1}, {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1}, 80] (* Vladimir Joseph Stephan Orlovsky, Feb 16 2012 *)
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PROG
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(PARI) x='x+O('x^66); Vec(x/(1-(x+x^6))) /* Joerg Arndt, Jun 25 2011 */
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CROSSREFS
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Cf. A000045, A000079, A000930, A003269, A003520, A005709, A005710, A005711.
Sequence in context: A193286 A098132 A017900 * A322853 A322801 A322798
Adjacent sequences: A005705 A005706 A005707 * A005709 A005710 A005711
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KEYWORD
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nonn,easy
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AUTHOR
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N. J. A. Sloane
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EXTENSIONS
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Additional comments from Yong Kong (ykong(AT)curagen.com), Dec 16 2000
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STATUS
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approved
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