OFFSET
0,2
COMMENTS
It appears that 6^n divides a(n) (checked up to n = 200). - Peter Bala, Jan 22 2026
LINKS
Paul D. Hanna, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..200
Peter Bala, The method of Graves for computing inverse functions.
Diego Dominici, Nested derivatives: a simple method for computing series expansions of inverse functions, Int. Jour. of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences, Vol. 2003, Issue 58, pp. 3699-3715. arXiv:math/0501052v2 [math.CA], 2005.
FORMULA
Generating function C(x) = Sum_{n>=0} a(n)*x^(4*n)/(4*n)! and related function S(x) satisfies the following formulas.
For brevity, some formulas here will use C = C(x) and S = S(x), where S(x) = (C(x)^4 - 1)^(1/4) is the e.g.f. of A357804.
(1) C(x)^4 - S(x)^4 = 1.
Integral formulas.
(2.a) S(x) = Integral C(x)^6 dx.
(2.b) C(x) = 1 + Integral S(x)^3 * C(x)^3 dx.
(2.c) S(x)^4 = Integral 4 * S(x)^3 * C(x)^6 dx.
(2.d) C(x)^4 = 1 + Integral 4 * S(x)^3 * C(x)^6 dx.
Derivatives.
(3.a) d/dx S(x) = C(x)^6.
(3.b) d/dx C(x) = S(x)^3 * C(x)^3.
Exponential formulas.
(4.a) C + S = exp( Integral (C^2 - C*S + S^2) * C^3 dx ).
(4.b) C - S = exp( -Integral (C^2 + C*S + S^2) * C^3 dx ).
(5.a) C^2 + S^2 = exp( 2 * Integral S*C^4 dx ).
(5.b) C^2 - S^2 = exp( -2 * Integral S*C^4 dx ).
Hyperbolic functions.
(6.a) C = sqrt(C^2 - S^2) * cosh( Integral (C^2 + S^2) * C^3 dx ).
(6.b) S = sqrt(C^2 - S^2) * sinh( Integral (C^2 + S^2) * C^3 dx ).
(7.a) C^2 = cosh( 2 * Integral S*C^4 dx ).
(7.b) S^2 = sinh( 2 * Integral S*C^4 dx ).
Explicit formulas.
(8.a) S(x) = Series_Reversion( Integral 1/(1 + x^4)^(3/2) dx ).
(8.b) C( Integral 1/(1 + x^4)^(3/2) dx ) = (1 + x^4)^(1/4).
EXAMPLE
E.g.f.: C(x) = 1 + 6*x^4/4! + 8316*x^8/8! + 98843976*x^12/12! + 4698140798736*x^16/16! + 623259279912288096*x^20/20! + 186936162949832833285056*x^24/24! + 110352751044119383032310847616*x^28/28! + ...
such that
C( Integral 1/(1 + x^4)^(3/2) dx ) = (1 + x^4)^(1/4)
also
C(x)^4 - S(x)^4 = 1,
where
S(x) = x + 36*x^5/5! + 87696*x^9/9! + 1483707456*x^13/13! + 91329084354816*x^17/17! + 14862901723860427776*x^21/21! + 5279211177231308343054336*x^25/25! + ... + A357804(n)*x^(4*n+1)/(4*n+1)! + ...
MAPLE
# uses nested derivatives to calculate the nonzero coefficients in the k-th power of the e.g.f. C(x)
d := proc (n, x) option remember; if n = 0 then (1 + x^4)^(k/4) else simplify( (1 + x^4)^(3/2) * diff( d(n-1, x), x) ) end if end proc:
k := 1:
seq( eval(d(4*n, x), x = 0), n = 0..20 ); # Peter Bala, Jan 26 2025
PROG
(PARI) /* Using Series Reversion (faster) */
{a(n) = my(S = serreverse( intformal( 1/(1 + x^4 +O(x^(4*n+4)))^(3/2) )) );
(4*n)!*polcoeff( (1 + S^4)^(1/4), 4*n)}
for(n=0, 10, print1( a(n), ", "))
(PARI) {a(n) = my(S=x, C=1); for(i=0, n,
S = intformal( C^6 +O(x^(4*n+4)));
C = 1 + intformal( S^3*C^3 ) );
(4*n)!*polcoeff( C, 4*n)}
for(n=0, 10, print1( a(n), ", "))
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
nonn,easy
AUTHOR
Paul D. Hanna, Oct 14 2022
STATUS
approved