OFFSET
1,3
LINKS
Paul D. Hanna, Table of n, a(n), n= 1..100.
FORMULA
G.f. satisfies: x = A( x - A(x)^2 - A(A(x))^3 ).
...
G.f. satisfies: A_{n}(x) = A_{n+1}(x) - A_{n+2}(x)^2 - A_{n+3}(x)^3 where A_{n+1}(x) = A_{n}(A(x)) denotes iteration with A_0(x)=x.
...
Given g.f. A(x), A(x)/x is the unique solution to variable A in the infinite system of simultaneous equations starting with:
. A = 1 + xB^2 + x^2*C^3;
. B = A + xC^2 + x^2*D^3;
. C = B + xD^2 + x^2*E^3;
. D = C + xE^2 + x^2*F^3; ...
. also B = A(A(x))/x, C = A(A(A(x)))/x, D = A(A(A(A(x))))/x, etc.
EXAMPLE
G.f.: A(x) = x + x^2 + 5*x^3 + 37*x^4 + 338*x^5 + 3530*x^6 +...
Coefficients in the iterations A_{n}(x), n=1..9, of A(x) begin:
A_1: [1, 1, 5, 37, 338, 3530, 40546, 500781, ...];
A_2: [1, 2, 12, 100, 998, 11197, 136682, 1780674, ...];
A_3: [1, 3, 21, 195, 2120, 25571, 332664, 4589974, ...];
A_4: [1, 4, 32, 328, 3868, 50078, 694340, 10157760, ...];
A_5: [1, 5, 45, 505, 6430, 89120, 1315126, 20388639, ...];
A_6: [1, 6, 60, 732, 10018, 148195, 2322702, 38106722, ...];
A_7: [1, 7, 77, 1015, 14868, 234017, 3886428, 67351872, ...];
A_8: [1, 8, 96, 1360, 21240, 354636, 6225480, 113733264, ...];
A_9: [1, 9, 117, 1773, 29418, 519558, 9617706, 184845297,...].
Coefficients in functions: x = A(x) - A_2(x)^2 - A_3(x)^3 begin:
(A_1)^1: [1, 1, 5, 37, 338, 3530, 40546, 500781, 6556080, ...];
(A_2)^2: [0, 1, 4, 28, 248, 2540, 28786, 352104, 4576404 ...];
(A_3)^3: [0, 0, 1,. 9,. 90,. 990, 11760, 148677, 1979676, ...].
Coefficients in functions: A(x) = A_2(x) - A_3(x)^2 - A_4(x)^3 begin:
(A_2)^1: [1, 2, 12, 100, 998, 11197, 136682, 1780674, 24453430, ...];
(A_3)^2: [0, 1,. 6,. 51, 516,. 5851,. 72052,. 945819, 13076714, ...];
(A_4)^3: [0, 0,. 1,. 12, 144,. 1816,. 24084,. 334074,. 4820636, ...].
Coefficients in functions: A_2(x) = A_3(x) - A_4(x)^2 -A_5(x)^3 begin:
(A_3)^1: [1, 3, 21, 195, 2120, 25571, 332664, 4589974, 66441348, ...];
(A_4)^2: [0, 1,. 8,. 80,. 912, 11384, 152092, 2144440, 31612640, ...];
(A_5)^3: [0, 0,. 1,. 15,. 210,. 2990,. 43890,. 664860, 10375278, ...].
PROG
(PARI) {a(n)=local(A=x); if(n<1, 0, for(i=1, n, A=serreverse(x-(A+x*O(x^n))^2-subst(A, x, A+x*O(x^n))^3)); polcoeff(A, n))}
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
nonn
AUTHOR
Paul D. Hanna, May 29 2010
EXTENSIONS
Typos in examples corrected by Paul D. Hanna, May 29 2010
Formula corrected by Paul D. Hanna, May 29 2010
STATUS
approved