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A117226
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Number of permutations of [n] avoiding the consecutive pattern 1243.
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12
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1, 1, 2, 6, 23, 110, 630, 4204, 32054, 274914, 2619692, 27459344, 313990182, 3889585408, 51888955808, 741668212080, 11307669002720, 183174676857608, 3141820432768752, 56882461258572976, 1084056190235653304, 21692744773505849952, 454758269790599361968
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OFFSET
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0,3
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COMMENTS
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a(n) is the number of permutations on [n] that avoid the consecutive pattern 1243. It is the same as the number of permutations which avoid 3421, 4312 or 2134.
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LINKS
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FORMULA
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a(n) ~ c * d^n * n!, where d = 0.952891423325053197208702817349165942637814..., c = 1.169657787464830219717093446929792145316... . - Vaclav Kotesovec, Aug 23 2014
E.g.f.: 1/W(z), where W(z) := 1 + Sum_{n >= 0} (-1)^(n+1)* z^(3*n+1)/(b(n)*(3*n+1)) with b(n) = A176730(n) = (3*n)!/(3^n*(1/3)_n). (Here (x)_n = x*(x + 1)*...*(x + n - 1) is the Pochhammer symbol, or rising factorial, which is denoted by (x)^n in some papers and books.) The function W(z) satisfies the o.d.e. W'''(z) + z*W'(z) = 0 with W(0) = 1, W'(0) = -1, and W''(0) = 0. [See Theorem 4.3 (Case 1243 with u = 0) in Elizalde and Noy (2003).]
a(n) = Sum_{m = 0..floor((n-1)/3)} (-3)^m * (1/3)_m * binomial(n, 3*m+1) * a(n-3*m-1) for n >= 1 with a(0) = 1. (End)
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MAPLE
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b:= proc(u, o, t) option remember; `if`(u+o=0, 1,
add(b(u-j, o+j-1, 0), j=`if`(t<0, -t, 1)..u)+
add(b(u+j-1, o-j, `if`(t=0, j, -j)), j=1..o))
end:
a:= n-> b(n, 0$2):
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MATHEMATICA
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A[x_]:=Integrate[AiryAi[ -t], {t, 0, x}]; B[x_]:=Integrate[AiryBi[ -t], {t, 0, x}];
c=-3^(2/3)*Gamma[2/3]/2; d=-3^(1/6)*Gamma[2/3]/2;
a[n_]:=SeriesCoefficient[1/(c*A[x]+d*B[x]+1), {x, 0, n}]*n!; Table[a[n], {n, 0, 10}] (* fixed by Vaclav Kotesovec, Aug 23 2014 *)
(* constant d: *) 1/x/.FindRoot[3^(2/3)*Gamma[2/3]/2 * Integrate[AiryAi[-t], {t, 0, x}] + 3^(1/6)*Gamma[2/3]/2 * Integrate[AiryBi[-t], {t, 0, x}]==1, {x, 1}, WorkingPrecision->50] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Aug 23 2014 *)
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CROSSREFS
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KEYWORD
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nonn
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AUTHOR
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STATUS
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approved
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