OFFSET
1,2
COMMENTS
Number of (i,j) in {1,2,...,n}^2 such that gcd(n,i) = gcd(n,j). - Benoit Cloitre, Dec 31 2020
LINKS
Robert Israel, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000
FORMULA
Multiplicative with a(p^e) = (p^(2*e)*(p-1)+2)/(p+1). - Vladeta Jovovic, Nov 19 2001
G.f.: Sum_{k>=1} phi(k)^2*x^k/(1 - x^k), where phi(k) is the Euler totient function (A000010). - Ilya Gutkovskiy, Jan 16 2017
a(n) = Sum_{k=1..n} phi(n/gcd(n, k)). - Ridouane Oudra, Nov 28 2019
Sum_{k>=1} 1/a(k) = 2.3943802654751092440350752246012273573942903149891228695146514601814537713... - Vaclav Kotesovec, Sep 20 2020
Sum_{k=1..n} a(k) ~ c * n^3, where c = (zeta(3)/(3*zeta(2))) * Product_{p prime} (1 - 1/(p*(p+1))) = A253905 * A065463 / 3 = 0.171593... . - Amiram Eldar, Oct 25 2022
MAPLE
with(numtheory): A029939 := proc(n) local i, j; j := 0; for i in divisors(n) do j := j+phi(i)^2; od; j; end;
# alternative
N:= 1000: # to get a(1)..a(N)
A:= Vector(N, 1):
for d from 2 to N do
pd:= numtheory:-phi(d)^2;
md:= [seq(i, i=d..N, d)];
A[md]:= map(`+`, A[md], pd);
od:
seq(A[i], i=1..N); # Robert Israel, May 30 2016
MATHEMATICA
Table[Total[EulerPhi[Divisors[n]]^2], {n, 60}] (* Harvey P. Dale, Feb 04 2017 *)
f[p_, e_] := (p^(2*e)*(p-1)+2)/(p+1); a[1] = 1; a[n_] := Times @@ f @@@ FactorInteger[n]; Array[a, 100] (* Amiram Eldar, Sep 18 2020 *)
PROG
(PARI) a(n) = sumdiv(n, d, eulerphi(d)^2); \\ Michel Marcus, Jan 17 2017
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
nonn,mult,easy
AUTHOR
STATUS
approved