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A007334
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Number of spanning trees in the graph K_{n}/e, which results from contracting an edge e in the complete graph K_{n} on n vertices (for n>=2).
(Formerly M1883)
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7
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1, 2, 8, 50, 432, 4802, 65536, 1062882, 20000000, 428717762, 10319560704, 275716983698, 8099130339328, 259492675781250, 9007199254740992, 336755653118801858, 13493281232954916864, 576882827135242335362, 26214400000000000000000
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OFFSET
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2,2
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COMMENTS
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The old name (referring to the Chen-Goyal article) was "[Number of] essential complementary partitions of [an] n-set."
This sequence was obtained using the deletion-contraction recursions satisfied by the number of spanning trees for graphs. It is readily seen that the number of spanning trees in K_{n}-e (the complete graph K_{n} with an edge e deleted) is (n-2)*(n^{n-3}). Since the number of spanning trees in K_{n} is n^{n-2}, we see that (n-2)*(n^{n-3})+f(n)=n^{n-2} by the deletion-contraction recursion. Hence it follows that f(n)=2*n^{n-3}. - N. Eaton, W. Kook and L. Thoma (andrewk(AT)math.uri.edu), Jan 17 2004
With offset 0, the number of acyclic functions from {1,...,n} to {1,...,n+2}. See link below. - Dennis P. Walsh, Nov 27 2011
With offset 0, a(n) is the number of forests of rooted labeled trees on n nodes in which some (possibly all or none) of the trees have been specially designated. a(n) = Sum_{k=1..n} A061356(n,k)*2^k. E.g.f. is exp(T(x))^2 where T(x) is the e.g.f for A000169. The expected number of trees in each forest approaches 3 as n gets large. Cf. A225497. - Geoffrey Critzer, May 10 2013
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REFERENCES
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J. Oxley, Matroid Theory, Oxford University Press, 1992.
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
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LINKS
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FORMULA
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a(n) = 2*n^{n-3} (n>=2).
E.g.f.: (-W(-x)/x)*exp(-W(-x)). - Paul Barry, Nov 19 2010 [With offset 0, and W = LambertW. Equals (W(-x)/(-x))^2 = (exp(-W(-x)))^2 (see a comment above). - Wolfdieter Lang, Nov 11 2022]
G.f.: Sum_{n>=1} a(n+1) * x^n / (1 + n*x)^n = x/(1-x). - Paul D. Hanna, Jan 17 2013
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EXAMPLE
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a(3)=2 because K_{3}/e consists of two vertices and two parallel edges, where each edge is a spanning tree.
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MATHEMATICA
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nn = 17; tx = Sum[n^(n - 1) x^n/n!, {n, 1, nn}];
Range[0, nn]! CoefficientList[Series[Exp[ tx]^2, {x, 0, nn}], x] (* Geoffrey Critzer, May 10 2013 *)
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PROG
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(PARI) {a(n)=if(n==2, 1, 1-polcoeff(sum(k=2, n-1, a(k)*x^k/(1+(k-1)*x+x*O(x^n))^(k-1)), n))} /* Paul D. Hanna, Jan 17 2013 */
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CROSSREFS
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KEYWORD
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nonn
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AUTHOR
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EXTENSIONS
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After correction, this became identical (except for the offset) with A089104, contributed by N. Eaton, W. Kook and L. Thoma (andrewk(AT)math.uri.edu), Jan 17 2004. The two entries have been merged using the older A-number. - N. J. A. Sloane, Dec 19 2017
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STATUS
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approved
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