OFFSET
0,2
COMMENTS
The squares of numbers in each row can be gathered in an equation with the first n terms on one side, the next n+1 terms on the other. The third row, for example, could be rendered as 10^2 + 11^2 + 12^2 = 13^2 + 14^2.
This sequence contains all nonnegative integers that are within a distance of n from 2n^2 + 2n where n is any nonnegative integer. The nonnegative integers that are not in this sequence are of the form 2n^2 + k where n is any positive integer and -n <= k <= n-1. Also, when n is the product of two consecutive integers, a(n) = 2n; for example, a(20) = 40. See explicit formulas for the sequence in the formula section below. - Dennis P. Walsh, Aug 09 2013
Numbers k with the property that the largest Dyck path of the symmetric representation of sigma(k) has a central valley, n > 0. (Cf. A237593.) - Omar E. Pol, Aug 28 2018
LINKS
Michael Boardman, Proof Without Words: Pythagorean Runs, Math. Mag., 73 (2000), 59.
FORMULA
As a triangle, T(n,k) = 2n^2 + 2n + k where -n <= k <= n and n = 0,1,... - Dennis P. Walsh, Aug 09 2013
As sequence, a(n) = n + floor(sqrt(n))*(floor(sqrt(n)) + 1); equivalently, a(n) = n + A000196(n)*(A000196(n)+1). - Dennis P. Walsh, Aug 09 2013
EXAMPLE
Triangle begins:
0;
3, 4, 5;
10, 11, 12, 13, 14;
21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27;
36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44;
55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65;
78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90;
...
MAPLE
seq(seq(2*n^2+2*n+k, k=-n..n), n=0..10); # Dennis P. Walsh, Aug 09 2013
seq(n+floor(sqrt(n))*(floor(sqrt(n))+1), n=0..100); # Dennis P. Walsh, Aug 09 2013
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
nonn,tabf
AUTHOR
Juri-Stepan Gerasimov, Jun 23 2009
EXTENSIONS
Definition clarified, 8th row terms corrected by R. J. Mathar, Jul 19 2009
STATUS
approved