The {{(|expression to delimit|)}} mathematical formatting template delimits expressions with normal or larger size parentheses/square brackets/curly brackets (braces) for either HTML+CSS or LaTeX.
Note: neither a {{[|...|]}}
(square bracket) template nor a {{{|...|}}}
(brace) template works with MediaWiki!
Usage
- {{(|expression to delimit|)}}
or
- {{(|expression to delimit|)|type}}
or
- {{(|expression to delimit|)|format}}
or
- {{(|expression to delimit|)|type|format}}
where the mandatory [dummy] second argument must be )
for visual balancing of left and right delimiters, viz.
- {{(|expression to delimit|)}}
and the [optional] third argument (type
) is from
-
( )
: normal ( ... );
-
big ( )
: corresponds to \big( ... \big)
in LaTeX;
-
Big ( )
: corresponds to \Big( ... \Big)
in LaTeX;
-
bigg ( )
: corresponds to \bigg( ... \bigg)
in LaTeX;
-
Bigg ( )
: corresponds to \Bigg( ... \Bigg)
in LaTeX;
-
auto ( )
: corresponds to \left( ... \right)
in LaTeX (default);
-
[ ]
: normal [ ... ];
-
big [ ]
: corresponds to \big[ ... \big]
in LaTeX;
-
Big [ ]
: corresponds to \Big[ ... \Big]
in LaTeX;
-
bigg [ ]
: corresponds to \bigg[ ... \bigg]
in LaTeX;
-
Bigg [ ]
: corresponds to \Bigg[ ... \Bigg]
in LaTeX;
-
auto [ ]
: corresponds to \left[ ... \right]
in LaTeX;
-
~ ~
: normal { ... };
-
big ~ ~
: corresponds to \big\{ ... \big\}
in LaTeX;
-
Big ~ ~
: corresponds to \Big\{ ... \Big\}
in LaTeX;
-
bigg ~ ~
: corresponds to \bigg\{ ... \bigg\}
in LaTeX;
-
Bigg ~ ~
: corresponds to \Bigg\{ ... \Bigg\}
in LaTeX;
-
auto ~ ~
: corresponds to \left\{ ... \right\}
in LaTeX;
-
< >
: normal ⟨ ... ⟩;
-
big < >
: corresponds to \big\langle ... \big\rangle
in LaTeX;
-
Big < >
: corresponds to \Big\langle ... \Big\rangle
in LaTeX;
-
bigg < >
: corresponds to \bigg\langle ... \bigg\rangle
in LaTeX;
-
Bigg < >
: corresponds to \Bigg\langle ... \Bigg\rangle
in LaTeX;
-
auto < >
: corresponds to \left\langle ... \right\rangle
in LaTeX;
-
<< >>
: normal ⟪ ... ⟫;
-
big << >>
: corresponds to \big{\langle\langle} ... \big{\rangle\rangle}
in LaTeX;
-
Big << >>
: corresponds to \Big{\langle\langle} ... \Big{\rangle\rangle}
in LaTeX;
-
bigg << >>
: corresponds to \bigg{\langle\langle} ... \bigg{\rangle\rangle}
in LaTeX;
-
Bigg << >>
: corresponds to \Bigg{\langle\langle} ... \Bigg{\rangle\rangle}
in LaTeX;
-
auto << >>
: corresponds to \left{\langle\langle} ... \right{\rangle\rangle}
in LaTeX;
and the [optional] format
(either fourth argument, or third argument if type
is omitted) is from
-
htm
: HTML+CSS (default);
-
tex
: LaTeX.
Examples
Non mathematical examples
See non mathematical examples.
Mathematical examples with automatically sized groupings
: {{math|{{(|{{frac|1|2}} {{op|+}} {{frac|{{sqrt|{{op|-}}3}}|2}}|)}}{{^|{{^|3|100%}}}} {{=}} {{(|''e''{{^|{{frac|''i''{{sp|1}}{{Gr|pi}}|3}}}}|)}}{{^|{{^|3|100%}}}} {{=}} {{op|-}}1.
|tex = \left( \frac{1}{2} + \frac{ \sqrt{-3} }{2} \right)^3 = \left( e^{ \frac{i \pi}{3} } \right)^3 = -1.|&&}}
yields the display style HTML+CSS
-
and with the $$
option, yields the display style LaTeX
-
The code (from Buffon’s constant)
: {{math|{{frac|2|{{Gr|pi}}|HTM}} {{=}} 1 + <!--
-->{{sum|''n''{{=}}1|infty|HTM}} ({{op|-}}1){{^|''n''}} (4{{sp|1}}''n'' + 1) <!--
-->{{(|{{frac|{{prod|''i''{{=}}1|''n''}} 2{{sp|1}}''i'' {{op|-}} 1|{{prod|''j''{{=}}1|''n''}} 2{{sp|1}}''j''|HTM}}|)}}{{^|{{^|3|100%}}}} {{=}}
|tex = \frac{2}{\pi} = 1 + \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} (-1)^{n} (4n + 1) \left( \frac{ \prod_{i=1}^n 2i - 1 }{ \prod_{j=1}^n 2j } \right)^3 = |&&}} <!--
Broken in two to avoid "Error: String exceeds 10,000 character limit."
-->{{math|1 {{op|-}} 5 {{(|{{frac|1|2|HTM}}|)}}{{^|{{^|3|100%}}}} + 9 {{(|{{frac|3|8|HTM}}|)}}{{^|{{^|3|100%}}}} {{op|-}} 13 {{(|{{frac|5|16|HTM}}|)|Big ( )}}{{^|{{^|3|100%}}}} + {{...|cdots}}.
|tex = \!\! 1 - 5 \left( \frac{1}{2} \right)^3 + 9 \left( \frac{3}{8} \right)^3 - 13 \left( \frac{5}{16} \right)^3 + \cdots.|&&}}
yields the display style HTML+CSS
-
= 1 + (−1) n (4 n + 1) 3 = |
1 − 5 3 + 9 3 − 13 3 + ⋯. |
and with the $$
option, yields the display style LaTeX
-
The code (from Buffon’s needle problem)
: {{math|''P''{{sp|1}}(''l'', ''d''{{sp|1}}) {{=}} <!--
-->{{(|{{int|0|{{Gr|pi}}|HTM}} sin ''{{Gr|theta}}''{{sp|2}}{{op|sdot}}{{frac|{{d|''{{Gr|theta}}''}}|{{Gr|pi}}|HTM}}|)}}{{sp|1}}{{op|sdot}}''P''{{sp|-5}}{{sub|{{sym|perp}}}}(''l'', ''d''{{sp|1}}) {{=}} <!--
-->{{(|{{frac|{{op|-}}{{sp|1}}[cos ''{{Gr|theta}}''{{sp|2}}]{{subsup|0|{{Gr|pi}}}}|{{Gr|pi}}|HTM}}|)}}{{op|sdot}}{{frac|''l''|''d''|HTM}} {{=}} {{frac|2|{{Gr|pi}}|HTM}}{{op|sdot}}{{frac|''l''|''d''|HTM}}{{sp|3}}.
|tex = P(l, d)
= \left( \int_{0}^{\pi} \sin \theta \sdot \frac{d\theta}{\pi} \right) \sdot P_{\perp}(l, d)
= \left( \frac{- [\cos \theta]_{0}^{\pi}}{\pi} \right) \sdot \frac{l}{d} = \frac{2}{\pi} \sdot \frac{l}{d} \, .
|&&}}
yields the display style HTML+CSS
-
P (l, d ) = sin θ ⋅ ⋅ P⊥(l, d ) = ⋅ = ⋅ . |
and with the $$
option, yields the display style LaTeX
-
Mathematical examples with manually sized groupings
- The manually sized groupings render very badly in Chrome and MS Edge!
: {{math|{{(|{{frac|1|2}} {{op|+}} {{frac|{{sqrt|{{op|-}}3}}|2}}|)|Big}}{{^|{{^|3|100%}}}} {{=|sp}} {{(|''e''{{^|{{frac|''i''{{sp|1}}{{Gr|pi}}|3}}}}|)|big}}{{^|{{^|3|100%}}}} {{=|sp}} {{op|-}}1.
|tex = \left( \frac{1}{2} + \frac{ \sqrt{-3} }{2} \right)^3 = \left( e^{ \frac{i \pi}{3} } \right)^3 = -1.|&&}}
yields the display style HTML+CSS
-
and with the $$
option, yields the display style LaTeX
-
The code (from Buffon’s constant)
: {{math|{{frac|2|{{Gr|pi}}|HTM}} {{=|sp}} 1 + <!--
-->{{sum|''n''{{=}}1|infty|HTM}} ({{op|-}}1){{^|''n''}} (4{{sp|1}}''n'' + 1) <!--
-->{{(|{{frac|{{prod|''i''{{=}}1|''n''}} 2{{sp|1}}''i'' {{op|-}} 1|{{prod|''j''{{=}}1|''n''}} 2{{sp|1}}''j''|HTM}}|)|Big ( )}}{{^|{{^|3|100%}}}} {{=|sp}}
|tex = \frac{2}{\pi} = 1 + \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} (-1)^{n} (4n + 1) \left( \frac{ \prod_{i=1}^n 2i - 1 }{ \prod_{j=1}^n 2j } \right)^3 = |&&}} <!--
Broken in two to avoid "Error: String exceeds 10,000 character limit."
-->{{math|1 {{op|-}} 5 {{(|{{frac|1|2|HTM}}|)|Big ( )}}{{^|{{^|3|100%}}}} + 9 {{(|{{frac|3|8|HTM}}|)|Big ( )}}{{^|{{^|3|100%}}}} {{op|-}} 13 {{(|{{frac|5|16|HTM}}|)|Big ( )}}{{^|{{^|3|100%}}}} + {{...|cdots}}.
|tex = \!\! 1 - 5 \left( \frac{1}{2} \right)^3 + 9 \left( \frac{3}{8} \right)^3 - 13 \left( \frac{5}{16} \right)^3 + \cdots.|&&}}
yields the display style HTML+CSS
-
= 1 + (−1) n (4 n + 1) 3 = |
1 − 5 3 + 9 3 − 13 3 + ⋯. |
and with the $$
option, yields the display style LaTeX
-
The code (from Buffon’s needle problem)
: {{math|''P''{{sp|1}}(''l'', ''d''{{sp|2}}) {{=|sp}} <!--
-->{{(|{{int|0|{{Gr|pi}}|HTM}} sin ''{{Gr|theta}}''{{sp|2}}{{op|sdot}}{{frac|{{d|''{{Gr|theta}}''}}|{{Gr|pi}}|HTM}}|)|Big}}{{sp|1}}{{op|sdot}}''P''{{sp|-5}}{{sub|{{sym|perp}}}}(''l'', ''d''{{sp|1}}) {{=|sp}} <!--
-->{{(|{{frac|{{op|-}}{{sp|1}}[cos ''{{Gr|theta}}''{{sp|2}}]{{subsup|0|{{Gr|pi}}}}|{{Gr|pi}}|HTM}}|)|Big}}{{op|sdot}}{{frac|''l''|''d''|HTM}} {{=|sp}} {{frac|2|{{Gr|pi}}|HTM}}{{op|sdot}}{{frac|''l''|''d''|HTM}}{{sp|3}}.
|tex = P(l, d)
= \left( \int_{0}^{\pi} \sin \theta \sdot \frac{d\theta}{\pi} \right) \sdot P_{\perp}(l, d)
= \left( \frac{- [\cos \theta]_{0}^{\pi}}{\pi} \right) \sdot \frac{l}{d} = \frac{2}{\pi} \sdot \frac{l}{d} \, .
|&&}}
yields the display style HTML+CSS
-
P (l, d ) = ⋅ P⊥(l, d ) = ⋅ = ⋅ . |
and with the $$
option, yields the display style LaTeX
-
The code
{{indent}}{{math|
{{align|begin}}
{{oiint|{{sym|partial}}''V''||{{vec|E|b}}{{op|sdot}}{{d|{{vec|S|b}}}}|HTM}} {{&=}} <!--
-->{{frac|1|''{{Gr|epsilon}}''{{sub|0}}|HTM}} {{iiint|''V''||''{{Gr|rho}}''{{sp|3}}{{d|''V''}}|HTM}} {{\\}}
{{oiint|{{sym|partial}}''V''||{{vec|B|b}}{{op|sdot}}{{d|{{vec|S|b}}}}|HTM}} {{&=}} 0 {{\\}}
{{oint|{{sym|partial}}''S''||{{vec|E|b}}{{op|sdot}}{{d|{{vec|x|b}}}}|HTM}} {{&=}} {{op|-}}{{iint|''S''||{{partial|{{vec|B|b}}|''t''|HTM}}{{op|sdot}}{{d|{{vec|S|b}}}}|HTM}} {{\\}}
{{oint|{{sym|partial}}''S''||{{vec|B|b}}{{op|sdot}}{{d|{{vec|x|b}}}}|HTM}} {{&=}} <!--
-->{{iint|''S''||{{(|''{{Gr|mu}}''{{sub|0}}{{sp|1}}{{vec|J|b}} + {{frac|1|''c''{{^|2}}|HTM}} {{partial|{{vec|E|b}}|''t''|HTM}}|)|Big}}{{op|sdot}}{{d|{{vec|S|b}}}}|HTM}}
{{align|end}}
|&&}}
yields the display style HTML+CSS
Error: String exceeds 10,000 character limit. |
The code (broken in three calls to {{math}} to avoid the pesky 10,000 character limit for template arguments)
{{indent}}{{math|
{{align|begin}}
{{oiint|{{sym|partial}}''V''||{{vec|E|b}}{{op|sdot}}{{d|{{vec|S|b}}}}|HTM}} {{&=}} <!--
-->{{frac|1|''{{Gr|epsilon}}''{{sub|0}}|HTM}} {{iiint|''V''||''{{Gr|rho}}''{{sp|3}}{{d|''V''}}|HTM}} {{\\}}
{{oiint|{{sym|partial}}''V''||{{vec|B|b}}{{op|sdot}}{{d|{{vec|S|b}}}}|HTM}} {{&=}} 0 {{\\}}
{{align|end}}
|&&}}{{clear}}
{{indent}}{{nbsp|3}}{{math|
{{oint|{{sym|partial}}''S''||{{vec|E|b}}{{op|sdot}}{{d|{{vec|x|b}}}}|HTM}} {{&=}} {{op|-}}{{iint|''S''||{{partial|{{vec|B|b}}|''t''|HTM}}{{op|sdot}}{{d|{{vec|S|b}}}}|HTM}}
|&&}}{{clear}}
{{indent}}{{nbsp|3}}{{math|
{{oint|{{sym|partial}}''S''||{{vec|B|b}}{{op|sdot}}{{d|{{vec|x|b}}}}|HTM}} {{&=}} <!--
-->{{iint|''S''||{{(|''{{Gr|mu}}''{{sub|0}}{{sp|1}}{{vec|J|b}} + {{frac|1|''c''{{^|2}}|HTM}} {{partial|{{vec|E|b}}|''t''|HTM}}|)|Big}}{{op|sdot}}{{d|{{vec|S|b}}}}|HTM}}
|&&}}
yields the display style HTML+CSS
E ⋅ d S | = ρ d V |
B ⋅ d S | = 0 |
|
|
The code
{{indent}}{{math|
{{align|begin|tex}}
{{oiint|{{sym|partial|tex}}''V''||{{vec|E|b|tex}}{{op|sdot|tex}}{{d|{{vec|S|b|tex}}|tex}}|TEX}} {{&=|tex}} <!--
-->{{frac|1|''{{Gr|epsilon|tex}}''{{sub|0|tex}}|tex}} {{iiint|''V''||''{{Gr|rho|tex}}''{{sp|3|tex}}{{d|''V''|tex}}|TEX}} {{\\|tex}}
{{oiint|{{sym|partial|tex}}''V''||{{vec|B|b|tex}}{{op|sdot|tex}}{{d|{{vec|S|b|tex}}|tex}}|TEX}} {{&=|tex}} 0 {{\\|tex}}
{{oint|{{sym|partial|tex}}''S''||{{vec|E|b|tex}}{{op|sdot|tex}}{{d|{{vec|x|b|tex}}|tex}}|TEX}} {{&=|tex}} <!--
-->{{op|-}}{{iint|''S''||{{partial|{{vec|B|b|tex}}|''t''|TEX}}{{op|sdot|tex}}{{d|{{vec|S|b|tex}}|tex}}|TEX}} {{\\|tex}}
{{oint|{{sym|partial|tex}}''S''||{{vec|B|b|tex}}{{op|sdot|tex}}{{d|{{vec|x|b|tex}}|tex}}|TEX}} {{&=|tex}} <!--
-->{{iint|''S''||{{(|''{{Gr|mu|tex}}''{{sub|0|tex}}{{sp|1|tex}}{{vec|J|b|tex}} + {{frac|1|''c''{{^|2|tex}}|tex}} <!--
-->{{partial|{{vec|E|b|tex}}|''t''|TEX}}|)|Big|tex}}{{op|sdot|tex}}{{d|{{vec|S|b|tex}}|tex}}|TEX}}
{{align|end|tex}}
|$$}}
yields the display style LaTeX
Matrix examples
See {{matrix}} (uses {{(|expression to delimit|)}} for the matrix parentheses or square brackets).
See also