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A353321
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a(n) = floor(1/erfc(n/sqrt(2))).
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0
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1, 3, 21, 370, 15787, 1744277, 506797345, 390682215445, 803734397655347, 4430313100526836692, 65618063552490194383194, 2616897361902846669558232537, 281455127862349591601857362987343, 81737217988908649002650313009555641846, 64155724364921456082725604130103414484969173
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OFFSET
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0,2
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COMMENTS
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a(n) is the residual (inverted) of the standard normal distribution in two-sided range of n sigma.
The 1/sqrt(2) factor appears in the argument of the erfc function because the standard normal cumulative distribution function has integrand exp(-(1/2)(x/sigma)^2).
The n=5 value, a(5)=1744277, appeared in discussions of the 5-sigma (two-sided probability) discovery of the Higgs boson at CERN (see articles in Links).
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LINKS
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FORMULA
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Straightforward asymptotics of erfc (e.g., see Abramowitz and Stegun) gives leading order as a(n) ~ sqrt(Pi/2)*n*exp((1/2)*n^2).
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EXAMPLE
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For n=2, a(2)=21 corresponds roughly to the statement that 95.5% of normally distributed measurements fall into the range of two sigma (plus and minus), since 1/21 = 1-0.955 (approximately). Nearest-integer version (A275366) is always more accurate (e.g., a(2)=22).
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MATHEMATICA
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Table[Floor[1/Erfc[n/Sqrt[2]]], {n, 1, 16}]
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CROSSREFS
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KEYWORD
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nonn
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AUTHOR
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STATUS
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approved
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