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A281181
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E.g.f. C(x) satisfies: C(x) = cosh( Integral C(x)^3 dx ).
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6
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1, 1, 13, 493, 37369, 4732249, 901188997, 240798388357, 85948640603761, 39504564917358001, 22726779729476308093, 15998009117983994065693, 13526765851190230940840809, 13528070218935445806530640649, 15795819619923464298050697616117, 21294937666865806704402646632389557, 32828500597549179599563478551377297121, 57385924456400269824204023290894357442401, 112904615348383588847189789579363784912180973
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OFFSET
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0,3
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COMMENTS
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a(n) mod 10 = periodic sequence of length 8: repeat [1, 1, 3, 3, 9, 9, 7, 7] = duplicated A001148(n).
a(n+p) - a(n) is a multiple of 12. (End)
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LINKS
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FORMULA
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E.g.f. C(x) = d/dx Series_Reversion( Integral sqrt(1 - x^2) dx ).
E.g.f. C(x) = d/dx Series_Reversion( ( x*sqrt(1 - x^2) + asin(x) )/2 ).
E.g.f. C(x) = ( d/dx Series_Reversion( Integral cos(x)^2 dx ) ) )^(1/2).
E.g.f. C(x) = ( d/dx Series_Reversion( (2*x + sin(2*x))/4 ) )^(1/2).
E.g.f. C(x) = ( d/dx Series_Reversion( Integral 1/cosh(x)^3 dx ) )^(1/3).
E.g.f. C(x) = ( d/dx Series_Reversion( ( sinh(x)/cosh(x)^2 + atan(sinh(x)) )/2 ) )^(1/3).
E.g.f. C(x) and related series S(x) (e.g.f. of A281180) satisfy:
(1.a) C(x)^2 - S(x)^2 = 1.
(1.b) C(x)^2 + S(x)^2 = 1 + Integral 4*C(x)^4*S(x) dx.
Integrals.
(2.a) S(x) = Integral C(x)^4 dx.
(2.b) C(x) = 1 + Integral C(x)^3*S(x) dx.
Exponential.
(3.a) C(x) + S(x) = exp( Integral C(x)^3 dx ).
(3.b) C(x) = cosh( Integral C(x)^3 dx ).
(3.c) S(x) = sinh( Integral C(x)^3 dx ).
Derivatives.
(4.a) S'(x) = C(x)^4.
(4.b) C'(x) = C(x)^3*S(x).
(4.c) (C'(x) + S'(x))/(C(x) + S(x)) = C(x)^3.
(4.d) (C(x)^2 + S(x)^2)' = 4*C(x)^4*S(x).
Explicit Solutions.
(5.a) S(x) = Series_Reversion( Integral 1/(1 + x^2)^2 dx ).
(5.b) C(x) = d/dx Series_Reversion( Integral sqrt(1 - x^2) dx ).
(5.c) C(x) + S(x) = exp( Series_Reversion( Integral 1/cosh(x)^3 dx ) ).
(5.d) C(x)^2 = d/dx Series_Reversion( Integral cos(x)^2 dx ).
(5.e) C(x)^3 = d/dx Series_Reversion( Integral 1/cosh(x)^3 dx ).
(5.f) C(x)^4 = d/dx Series_Reversion( Integral 1/(1 + x^2)^2 dx ).
(5.g) C(x)^5 = d/dx Series_Reversion( Integral C(i*x)^5 dx ).
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EXAMPLE
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E.g.f.: C(x) = 1 + x^2/2! + 13*x^4/4! + 493*x^6/6! + 37369*x^8/8! + 4732249*x^10/10! + 901188997*x^12/12! + 240798388357*x^14/14! + 85948640603761*x^16/16! + 39504564917358001*x^18/18! + 22726779729476308093*x^20/20! +...
such that
(1) C(x) = cosh( Integral C(x)^3 dx ),
(2) C(x)^2 - S(x)^2 = 1, and
(3) C(x) = 1 + Integral C(x)^3*S(x) dx,
where S(x) begins:
S(x) = x + 4*x^3/3! + 88*x^5/5! + 4672*x^7/7! + 454144*x^9/9! + 70084096*x^11/11! + 15728822272*x^13/13! + 4836914249728*x^15/15! + 1952137912385536*x^17/17! + 1000749157519458304*x^19/19! + 635146072839001735168*x^21/21! +...+ A281180(n)*x^(2*n-1)/(2*n-1)! +...
RELATED SERIES.
As power series with reduced fractional coefficients, S(x) and C(x) begin:
S(x) = x + 2/3*x^3 + 11/15*x^5 + 292/315*x^7 + 3548/2835*x^9 + 273766/155925*x^11 + 15360178/6081075*x^13 + 214706776/58046625*x^15 +...
C(x) = 1 + 1/2*x^2 + 13/24*x^4 + 493/720*x^6 + 37369/40320*x^8 + 4732249/3628800*x^10 + 901188997/479001600*x^12 + 240798388357/87178291200*x^14 +...
Related powers of series C(x) are given as follows.
C(x)^2 = 1 + 2*x^2/2! + 32*x^4/4! + 1376*x^6/6! + 114176*x^8/8! + 15519488*x^10/10! + 3132551168*x^12/12! + 879422726144*x^14/14! + 327670676455424*x^16/16! + 156439068819587072*x^18/18! +...+ A281183(n)*x^(2*n)/(2*n)! +...
where C(x)^2 = 1 + S(x)^2.
C(x)^3 = 1 + 3*x^2/2! + 57*x^4/4! + 2739*x^6/6! + 246801*x^8/8! + 35822307*x^10/10! + 7636142793*x^12/12! + 2246286827091*x^14/14! + 871869519033249*x^16/16! + 431649452286233283*x^18/18! +...+ A281184(n)*x^(2*n)/(2*n)! +...
where C(x)^3 = d/dx log( C(x) + S(x) ).
Also, C(x)^3 = d/dx Series_Reversion( Integral 1/cosh(x)^3 dx ).
C(x)^4 = 1 + 4*x^2/2! + 88*x^4/4! + 4672*x^6/6! + 454144*x^8/8! + 70084096*x^10/10! + 15728822272*x^12/12! + 4836914249728*x^14/14! + 1952137912385536*x^16/16! + 1000749157519458304*x^18/18! +...+ A281180(n+1)*x^(2*n)/(2*n)! +...
where C(x)^4 = d/dx S(x).
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MATHEMATICA
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nMax = 30; m = maxExponent = 2*nMax; a[n_] := Module[{S = x, C = 1}, For[i = 1, i <= n, i++, S = Integrate[C^4 + x*O[x]^m // Normal, x] + O[x]^m // Normal; C = 1 + Integrate[S*C^3 + O[x]^m // Normal, x]] + O[x]^m // Normal; (2*n)!*Coefficient[C, x, 2*n]]; Table[an = a[n]; Print["a(", n, ") = ", an]; an, {n, 0, nMax}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jan 20 2017, adapted from PARI *)
nmax = 20; Table[(CoefficientList[Sqrt[D[InverseSeries[Series[(2*x + Sin[2*x])/4, {x, 0, 2*nmax - 1}], x], x]], x] * Range[0, 2*nmax - 2]!)[[2*n - 1]], {n, 1, nmax}] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Sep 02 2017 *)
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PROG
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(PARI) {a(n) = my(S=x, C=1); for(i=0, n, S = intformal( C^4 +x*O(x^(2*n))); C = 1 + intformal( S*C^3 ) ); (2*n)!*polcoeff(C, 2*n)}
for(n=0, 30, print1(a(n), ", "))
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CROSSREFS
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KEYWORD
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nonn
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AUTHOR
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EXTENSIONS
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STATUS
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approved
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