%I #16 Feb 21 2015 23:05:31
%S 1,0,1,1,1,3,6,13,26,47,81,140,253,482,949,1875,3666,7088,13614,26100,
%T 50082,96246,185131,356123,684758,1316197,2530257,4868019,9378335,
%U 18096921,34974646,67669905,130998912,253565649,490501587,947992195,1830664188,3533571444
%N Number of times a multiple of four is encountered when iterating from 2^(n+1)-2 to (2^n)-2 with the map x -> x - (number of runs in binary representation of x).
%C Also the number of even numbers in range [A255062(n) .. A255061(n+1)] of A255057 (equally, in A255067). See the sum-formulas.
%H A. Karttunen, <a href="https://oeis.org/plot2a?name1=A255125&name2=A255126&tform1=untransformed&tform2=untransformed&shift=0&radiop1=ratio&drawpoints=true">Ratio a(n)/A255126(n) plotted, with the help of OEIS-server</a>
%F a(n) = Sum_{k = A255062(n) .. A255061(n+1)} A059841(A255057(k)).
%F a(n) = Sum_{k = A255062(n) .. A255061(n+1)} A059841(A255067(k)).
%F a(n) = A255071(n) - A255126(n).
%e For n=5 we start iterating with map m(n) = A236840(n) from the initial value (2^(5+1))-2 = 62. Thus we get m(62) = 60, m(60) = 58, m(58) = 54, m(54) = 50, m(50) = 46, m(46) = 42, m(42) = 36, m(36) = 32 and finally m(32) = 30, which is (2^5)-2. Of the nine numbers encountered, only 60, 36 and 32 are multiples of four, thus a(5) = 3.
%o (PARI)
%o A005811(n) = hammingweight(bitxor(n, n\2));
%o write_A255125_and_A255126_and_A255071(n) = { my(k, i, s25, s26); k = (2^(n+1))-2; i = 1; s25 = 0; s26 = 0; while(1, if((k%4),s26++,s25++); k = k - A005811(k); if(!bitand(k+1, k+2), break, i++)); write("b255125.txt", n, " ", s25); write("b255126.txt", n, " ", s26); write("b255071.txt", n, " ", i); };
%o for(n=1,42,write_A255125_and_A255126_and_A255071(n));
%o (Scheme) (define (A255125 n) (if (zero? n) 1 (let loop ((i (- (expt 2 (+ 1 n)) 4)) (s 0)) (cond ((pow2? (+ 2 i)) s) (else (loop (- i (A005811 i)) (+ s (A133872 i))))))))
%o ;; Alternatively:
%o (define (A255125 n) (add (COMPOSE A059841 A255057) (A255062 n) (A255061 (+ 1 n))))
%o (define (A255125 n) (add (COMPOSE A059841 A255067) (A255062 n) (A255061 (+ 1 n))))
%o (define (add intfun lowlim uplim) (let sumloop ((i lowlim) (res 0)) (cond ((> i uplim) res) (else (sumloop (1+ i) (+ res (intfun i)))))))
%Y Cf. A005811, A059841, A133872, A236840, A255056, A255057, A255061, A255062, A255067, A255071, A255126, A255332.
%Y Similar sequences: A218542, A255063.
%K nonn
%O 0,6
%A _Antti Karttunen_, Feb 18 2015