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%I #17 Jan 01 2021 12:15:01
%S 1,1,4,1,2,256,1,3,16,46656,1,2,50,216,16777216,1,3,36,1626,4096,
%T 10000000000,1,2,56,1440,83736,100000,8916100448256,1,3,16,2688,84624,
%U 6026120,2985984,11112006825558016,1,2,70,720,215760,7675200,571350096,105413504,18446744073709551616
%N Number A(n,k) of endofunctions f on [2n] satisfying f^k(i) = i for all i in [n]; square array A(n,k), n>=0, k>=0, read by antidiagonals.
%H Alois P. Heinz, <a href="/A246070/b246070.txt">Antidiagonals n = 0..70, flattened</a>
%e Square array A(n,k) begins:
%e 0 : 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, ...
%e 1 : 4, 2, 3, 2, 3, 2, ...
%e 2 : 256, 16, 50, 36, 56, 16, ...
%e 3 : 46656, 216, 1626, 1440, 2688, 720, ...
%e 4 : 16777216, 4096, 83736, 84624, 215760, 94816, ...
%e 5 : 10000000000, 100000, 6026120, 7675200, 24899120, 11218000, ...
%p with(numtheory): with(combinat): M:=multinomial:
%p b:= proc(n, k, p) local l, g; l, g:= sort([divisors(p)[]]),
%p proc(k, m, i, t) option remember; local d, j; d:= l[i];
%p `if`(i=1, n^m, add(M(k, k-(d-t)*j, (d-t)$j)/j!*
%p (d-1)!^j *M(m, m-t*j, t$j) *g(k-(d-t)*j, m-t*j,
%p `if`(d-t=1, [i-1, 0], [i, t+1])[]), j=0..min(k/(d-t),
%p `if`(t=0, [][], m/t))))
%p end; g(k, n-k, nops(l), 0)
%p end:
%p A:= (n, k)-> `if`(k=0, (2*n)^(2*n), b(2*n, n, k)):
%p seq(seq(A(n, d-n), n=0..d), d=0..10);
%t multinomial[n_, k_List] := n!/Times @@ (k!); M = multinomial;
%t b[n_, k0_, p_] := Module[{l, g}, l = Divisors[p];
%t g[k_, m_, i_, t_] := g[k, m, i, t] = Module[{d, j}, d = l[[i]];
%t If[i == 1, If[m == 0, 1, n^m], Sum[M[k, Join[{k - (d - t)*j},
%t Table[d - t, {j}]]]/j!*If[j == 0, 1, (d - 1)!^j]*M[m, Join[{m - t*j},
%t Array[t&, j]]]*g[k - (d - t)*j, m - t*j, Sequence @@
%t If[d - t == 1, {i - 1, 0}, {i, t + 1}]], {j, 0, Min[k/(d - t),
%t If[t == 0, {}, m/t]]}]]];
%t g[k0, n - k0, Length[l], 0]];
%t A[n_, k_] := If[k == 0, If[n == 0, 1, (2n)^(2n)], b[2*n, n, k]];
%t Table[A[n, d - n], {d, 0, 10}, {n, 0, d}] // Flatten (* _Jean-François Alcover_, May 27 2016, after _Alois P. Heinz_, updated Jan 01 2021 *)
%Y Columns k=0-3 give: A085534, A062971, A245141, A245959.
%Y Main diagonal gives A246071.
%Y Cf. A246072 (the same for permutations).
%K nonn,tabl
%O 0,3
%A _Alois P. Heinz_, Aug 12 2014
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