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Number of pairs of endofunctions f, g on [n] satisfying f(g^n(i)) = f(i) for all i in [n].
3

%I #10 Oct 03 2019 11:19:27

%S 1,1,12,207,9184,173225,46097856,729481375,454190410752,

%T 30607186160529,12762075858688000,1036636706945881151,

%U 3080713389889966460928,145084860487902521548921,124325137916420574135066624,56537825009822523196823829375

%N Number of pairs of endofunctions f, g on [n] satisfying f(g^n(i)) = f(i) for all i in [n].

%H Alois P. Heinz, <a href="/A245911/b245911.txt">Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..100</a>

%p with(combinat):

%p T:= proc(n, j) T(n, j):= binomial(n-1, j-1)*n^(n-j) end:

%p b:= proc(n, i, k) option remember; `if`(n=0 or i=1, x^n,

%p expand(add((i-1)!^j*multinomial(n, n-i*j, i$j)/j!*

%p x^(igcd(i, k)*j)*b(n-i*j, i-1, k), j=0..n/i)))

%p end:

%p a:= n-> add((p-> add(n^i*T(n, j)* coeff(p, x, i),

%p i=0..degree(p)))(b(j$2, n)), j=0..n):

%p seq(a(n), n=0..20);

%t multinomial[n_, k_List] := n!/Times @@ (k!);

%t b[n_, i_, k_] := b[n, i, k] = Function[{x}, If[n == 0 || i == 1, x^n, Expand[Sum[(i - 1)!^j*multinomial[n, Join[{n - i*j}, Array[i&, j]]]/j!* x^(GCD[i, k]*j)*b[n - i*j, i - 1, k][x], {j, 0, n/i}]]]];

%t a[n_] := If[n == 0, 1, Sum[Binomial[n - 1, j - 1]*n^(n - j)*b[j, j, n][n], {j, 0, n}]];

%t a /@ Range[0, 20] (* _Jean-François Alcover_, Oct 03 2019, after _Alois P. Heinz_ *)

%Y Main diagonal of A245910.

%Y Cf. A245988.

%K nonn

%O 0,3

%A _Alois P. Heinz_, Aug 06 2014