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A073157
Number of Schroeder n-paths containing no FFs.
30
1, 2, 5, 18, 70, 293, 1283, 5808, 26960, 127628, 613814, 2990681, 14730713, 73229291, 366936231, 1851352820, 9397497758, 47957377934, 245903408244, 1266266092112, 6545667052320, 33954266444498, 176689391245146
OFFSET
0,2
COMMENTS
Number of Schroeder n-paths containing no FFs. A Schroeder n-path (A006318) consists of steps U=(1,1),F=(2,0),D=(1,-1) starting at (0,0), ending at (2n,0), and never going below the x-axis. Example: a(2)=5 counts UFD, UUDD, UDF, FUD, UDUD. - David Callan, Aug 23 2011
LINKS
FORMULA
A073155(n+1) = Sum_{k=0..n} a(k)*a(n-k), that is, convolution yields sequence A073155 minus the 0th term.
G.f.: A(x) = (1 - sqrt(1 - 4*x*(1+x)^2))/(2*x*(1+x)) satisfies A(x) = (1+x)*(1 + x*A(x)^2);
G.f.: A(x) = (1+x)*C(x*(1+x)^2) where C(x) is the Catalan g.f. of A000108. - Paul D. Hanna, Mar 03 2008
a(n) = Sum_{j=0..n}((Sum_{k=0..j}((binomial(2*k+2,j-k)*C(k))))*(-1)^(n-j)), where C(k) = A000108(k). - Vladimir Kruchinin, Mar 13 2016
a(n) = Sum_{i=0..n} C(2*i+1,i)*C(2*i+1,n-i)/(2*i+1). - Vladimir Kruchinin, Oct 11 2018
Recurrence: (n+1)*a(n) = 3*(n-1)*a(n-1) + 6*(2*n - 3)*a(n-2) + 6*(2*n - 5)*a(n-3) + 2*(2*n - 7)*a(n-4). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Oct 11 2018
From Peter Bala, Aug 25 2024: (Start)
(1/x) * series_reversion(x/A(x)) = 1 + 2*x + 9*x^2 + 56*x^3 + 400*x^4 + 3095*x^5 + 25240*x^6 + ... is the g.f. of A198953.
(1/x) * series_reversion(x*A(-x)) = 1 + 2*x + 3*x^2 + 8*x^3 + 25*x^4 + 83*x^5 + 289*x^6 + ... = G(x) + x, where G(x) = (1 - x^2 - sqrt(1 - 4*x - 2*x^2 + x^4))/(2*x) is the g.f. of A143330. (End)
Define a sequence operator R: {u(n): n >= 0} -> {v(n): n >= 0} by Sum_{n >= 0} v(n)*x^n = (1/x) * series_reversion(x/Sum_{n >= 0} u(n)*x^n). Then R({a(n)}) = A198953, R^2({a(n)}) = A215715 and R^3({a(n)}) = A364335. Cf. A216359. - Peter Bala, Sep 13 2024
EXAMPLE
G.f.: A(x) = 1 + 2*x + 5*x^2 + 18*x^3 + 70*x^4 + 293*x^5 + 1283*x^6 + ...
MAPLE
a:=n->add(binomial(2*i+1, i)*binomial(2*i+1, n-i)/(2*i+1), i=0..n): seq(a(n), n=0..25); # Muniru A Asiru, Oct 11 2018
MATHEMATICA
Table[Sum[Binomial[2*i + 1, i]*Binomial[2*i + 1, n - i]/(2*i + 1), {i, 0, n}], {n, 0, 25}] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Oct 11 2018 *)
PROG
(PARI) {a(n)=local(A=1); for(i=0, n-1, A=(1+x)*(1+x*(A+x*O(x^n))^2)); polcoeff(A, n)} /* Paul D. Hanna, Mar 03 2008 */
(Maxima)
a(n):=sum((sum((binomial(2*k+2, j-k)*binomial(2*k, k)/(k+1)), k, 0, j))*(-1)^(n-j), j, 0, n); /* Vladimir Kruchinin, Mar 13 2016 */
(GAP) List([0..25], n->Sum([0..n], i->Binomial(2*i+1, i)*Binomial(2*i+1, n-i)/(2*i+1))); # Muniru A Asiru, Oct 11 2018
CROSSREFS
Leftmost column of triangle A073154 (was previous name).
Sequence in context: A118814 A345878 A014271 * A365120 A268570 A141494
KEYWORD
easy,nonn
AUTHOR
Paul D. Hanna, Jul 29 2002
EXTENSIONS
More terms from Paul D. Hanna, Mar 03 2008
New name using a comment from David Callan, Peter Luschny, Oct 14 2018
STATUS
approved