A001266 - OEIS

%I M4426 N1871 #37 Oct 27 2023 19:08:49

%S 0,0,1,7,45,323,2621,23811,239653,2648395,31889517,415641779,

%T 5830753109,87601592187,1403439027805,23883728565283,430284458893701,

%U 8181419271349931,163730286973255373,3440164703027845395,75718273707281368117,1742211593431076483419

%N One-half the number of permutations of length n without rising or falling successions.

%C (1/2) times number of permutations of 12...n such that none of the following occur: 12, 23, ..., (n-1)n, 21, 32, ..., n(n-1).

%C a(n) is also the number of Hamiltonian paths in the n-path complement graph. - _Eric W. Weisstein_, Apr 11 2018

%D F. N. David, M. G. Kendall and D. E. Barton, Symmetric Function and Allied Tables, Cambridge, 1966, p. 263.

%D N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).

%D N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

%H Seiichi Manyama, <a href="/A001266/b001266.txt">Table of n, a(n) for n = 2..450</a> (first 199 terms from Alois P. Heinz)

%H J. Riordan, <a href="http://projecteuclid.org/euclid.aoms/1177700181">A recurrence for permutations without rising or falling successions</a>, Ann. Math. Statist. 36 (1965), 708-710.

%H Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/HamiltonianPath.html">Hamiltonian Path</a>

%H Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/PathComplementGraph.html">Path Complement Graph</a>

%F a(n) = A002464(n)/2.

%F (1/2) times coefficient of t^0 in S[n](t) defined in A002464.

%p S:= proc(n) option remember; `if`(n<4, [1, 1, 2*t, 4*t+2*t^2]

%p        [n+1], expand((n+1-t)*S(n-1) -(1-t)*(n-2+3*t)*S(n-2)

%p        -(1-t)^2*(n-5+t)*S(n-3) +(1-t)^3*(n-3)*S(n-4)))

%p     end:

%p a:= n-> coeff(S(n), t, 0)/2:

%p seq(a(n), n=2..25);  # _Alois P. Heinz_, Jan 11 2013

%t S[n_] := S[n] = If[n<4, {1, 1, 2*t, 4*t + 2*t^2}[[n+1]], Expand[(n+1-t)*S[n-1] - (1-t)*(n-2+3*t)*S[n-2] - (1-t)^2*(n-5+t)*S[n-3] + (1-t)^3*(n-3)*S[n-4]]]; a[n_] := Coefficient[S[n], t, 0]/2; Table[a[n], {n, 2, 25}] (* _Jean-François Alcover_, Mar 24 2014, after _Alois P. Heinz_ *)

%t CoefficientList[Series[((Exp[(1 + x)/((-1 + x) x)] (1 + x) Gamma[0, (1 + x)/((-1 + x) x)])/((-1 + x) x) - x - 1)/(2 x), {x, 0, 20}], x] (* _Eric W. Weisstein_, Apr 11 2018 *)

%t RecurrenceTable[{a[n] == (n + 1) a[n - 1] - (n - 2) a[n - 2] - (n - 5) a[n - 3] + (n - 3) a[n - 4], a[0] == a[1] == 1/2,

%t a[2] == a[3] == 0}, a, {n, 2, 20}] (* _Eric W. Weisstein_, Apr 11 2018 *)

%Y Sequence A002464 divided by 2 for n >= 2. A diagonal of A010028.

%K nonn

%O 2,4

%A _N. J. A. Sloane_

%E More terms from Barbara Haas Margolius (margolius(AT)math.csuohio.edu), Feb 16 2001