OFFSET
0,3
COMMENTS
Write n (uniquely) as n = C(n_t,t) + C(n_{t-1},t-1) + ... + C(n_v,v) where n_t > n_{t-1} > ... > n_v >= v >= 1. Then M_t(n) = C(n_t-1,t-1) + C(n_{t-1}-1,t-2) + ... + C(n_v-1,v-1).
REFERENCES
D. E. Knuth, The Art of Computer Programming, Vol. 4, Fascicle 3, Section 7.2.1.3, Table 3.
MAPLE
lowpol := proc(n, t) local x::integer; x := floor( (n*factorial(t))^(1/t)); while binomial(x, t) <= n do x := x+1; od; RETURN(x-1); end:
C := proc(n, t) local nresid, tresid, m, a; nresid := n; tresid := t; a := []; while nresid > 0 do m := lowpol(nresid, tresid); a := [op(a), m]; nresid := nresid - binomial(m, tresid); tresid := tresid-1; od; RETURN(a); end:
M := proc(n, t) local a; a := C(n, t); add( binomial(op(i, a)-1, t-i), i=1..nops(a)); end:
A123731 := proc(n) M(n, 5); end:
for n from 0 to 120 do printf("%d, ", A123731(n)); od; # R. J. Mathar, Mar 14 2007
MATHEMATICA
lowpol[n_, t_] := Module[{x = Floor[(n*t!)^(1/t)]}, While[Binomial[x, t] <= n, x = x + 1]; x - 1];
c[n_, t_] := Module[{n0 = n, t0 = t, a = {}, m}, While[n0 > 0, m = lowpol[n0, t0]; AppendTo[a, m]; n0 = n0 - Binomial[m, t0]; t0 = t0 - 1]; a];
M[n_, t_] := With[{a = c[n, t]}, Sum[Binomial[a[[i]] - 1, t - i], {i, 1, Length[a]}]];
A123731[n_] := M[n, 5];
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
nonn,easy
AUTHOR
N. J. A. Sloane, Nov 12 2006
EXTENSIONS
More terms from R. J. Mathar, Mar 14 2007
STATUS
approved