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A053088
a(n) = 3*a(n-2) + 2*a(n-3) for n > 2, a(0)=1, a(1)=0, a(2)=3.
12
1, 0, 3, 2, 9, 12, 31, 54, 117, 224, 459, 906, 1825, 3636, 7287, 14558, 29133, 58248, 116515, 233010, 466041, 932060, 1864143, 3728262, 7456549, 14913072, 29826171, 59652314, 119304657, 238609284, 477218599, 954437166, 1908874365
OFFSET
0,3
COMMENTS
Growth of happy bug population in GCSE math course work assignment.
The generalized (3,2)-Padovan sequence p(3,2;n). See the W. Lang link under A000931. - Wolfdieter Lang, Jun 25 2010
With offset 1: a(n) = -2^n*Sum_{k=0..n} k^p*q^k for p=1, q=-1/2. See also A232603 (p=2, q=-1/2), A232604 (p=3, q=-1/2). - Stanislav Sykora, Nov 27 2013
From Paul Curtz, Nov 02 2021 (Start)
a(n-2) difference table (from 0, 0, a(n)):
0 0 1 0 3 2 9 12 31 54 ...
0 1 -1 3 -1 7 3 19 23 63 ...
1 -2 4 -4 8 -4 16 4 40 44 ...
-3 6 -8 12 -12 20 -12 36 4 84 ...
9 -14 20 -24 32 -32 48 -32 80 0 ...
-23 34 -44 56 -64 80 -80 112 -80 176 ...
57 -78 100 -120 144 -160 192 -192 256 -192 ...
... .
The signature is valid for every row.
a(n-2) + a(n-1) = A001045(n).
a(n-2) + a(n+1) = A062510(n) = 3*A001045(n).
a(n-2) + a(n+3) = see A144472(n+1).
Second subdiagonal: 1, 6, 20, 56, 144, 352, ... = A014480(n).
First subdiagonal: -A036895(n) = -2*A001787(n).
Main diagonal: A001787(n) = -first and -third upper diagonals.
Second, fourth and fifth upper diagonals: A001792(n), A045891(n+2) and A172160(n+1). (End)
LINKS
Paul Barry, Jacobsthal Decompositions of Pascal's Triangle, Ternary Trees, and Alternating Sign Matrices, Journal of Integer Sequences, 19, 2016, #16.3.5.
Iwan Duursma, Xiao Li, and Hsin-Po Wang, Multilinear Algebra for Distributed Storage, arXiv:2006.08911 [cs.IT], 2020.
FORMULA
G.f.: 1 / (1-3*x^2-2*x^3).
With offset 1: a(1)=1; a(n) = 2*a(n-1) - (-1)^n*n; a(n) = (1/9)*(2^(n+1) - (-1)^n*(3*n+2)). - Benoit Cloitre, Nov 02 2002
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..floor(n/2)} A078008(n-2k). - Paul Barry, Nov 24 2003
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..floor(n/2)} binomial(k, n-2k)*3^k*(2/3)^(n-2k). - Paul Barry, Oct 16 2004
a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} A078008(k)*(1 - (-1)^(n+k-1))/2. - Paul Barry, Apr 16 2005
a(n) = ( 2^(n+2) + (-1)^n*(3*n+5) )/9 (see also the B. Cloitre comment above). From the o.g.f. 1/(1-3*x^2-2*x^3) = 1/((1-2*x)*(1+x)^2) = (3/(1+x)^2 + 2/(1+x) + 4/(1-2*x))/9. - Wolfdieter Lang, Jun 25 2010
From Wolfdieter Lang, Aug 26 2010: (Start)
a(n) = a(n-1) + 2*a(n-2) + (-1)^n for n > 1, a(0)=1, a(1)=0.
Due to the identity for the o.g.f. A(x): A(x) = x*(1+2*x)*A(x) + 1/(1+x).
(This recurrence was observed by Gary Detlefs in a 08/25/10 e-mail to the author.) (End)
G.f.: Sum_{n>=0} binomial(3*n,n)*x^n / (1+x)^(3*n+3). - Paul D. Hanna, Mar 03 2012
E.g.f.: 1 + (1/9)*(exp(-x)*(3*x - 2) + 2*exp(2*x)). - Stefano Spezia, Sep 27 2019
MATHEMATICA
CoefficientList[Series[1/(1 - 3 x^2 - 2 x^3), {x, 0, 32}], x] (* Michael De Vlieger, Sep 30 2019 *)
PROG
(PARI) c(n)=(2^(n+1)-(-1)^n*(3*n+2))/9; a(n)=c(n+1); \\ Stanislav Sykora, Nov 27 2013
KEYWORD
nonn,easy
AUTHOR
Pauline Gorman (pauline(AT)gorman65.freeserve.co.uk), Feb 26 2000
EXTENSIONS
More terms from James A. Sellers, Feb 28 2000 and Christian G. Bower, Feb 29 2000
STATUS
approved