A325019 - OEIS

%I #5 Jun 11 2019 06:09:53

%S 1,0,1,4,3,0,1,19,141,394,450,180,0,0,1,306,33207,921908,10359075,

%T 59584470,197644440,400752240,505197000,386694000,164656800,29937600,

%U 0,0,0,0

%N Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) is the number of achiral colorings of the facets of a regular n-dimensional orthoplex using exactly k colors. Row n has 2^n columns.

%C Also called cross polytope and hyperoctahedron. For n=1, the figure is a line segment with two vertices. For n=2 the figure is a square with four edges. For n=3 the figure is an octahedron with eight triangular faces. For n=4, the figure is a 16-cell with sixteen tetrahedral facets. The Schläfli symbol, {3,...,3,4}, of the regular n-dimensional orthoplex (n>1) consists of n-2 threes followed by a four. Each of its 2^n facets is an (n-1)-dimensional simplex. An achiral coloring is identical to its reflection. The last 2^(n-2) columns of row n are zero; there are no achiral colorings with that many colors.

%C Also the number of achiral colorings of the vertices of a regular n-dimensional orthotope (cube) using exactly k colors.

%H Robert A. Russell, <a href="/A325019/b325019.txt">Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..510</a>, rows 1..8, flattened.

%H E. M. Palmer and R. W. Robinson, <a href="https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.acta/1485889789">Enumeration under two representations of the wreath product</a>, Acta Math., 131 (1973), 123-143.

%F A325015(n,k) = Sum_{j=1..2^n} T(n,j) * binomial(k,j).

%F T(n,k) = 2*A325017(n,k) - A325016(n,k) = A325016(n,k) - 2*A325018(n,k) = A325017(n,k) - A325018(n,k).

%e Triangle begins with T(1,1):

%e 1  0

%e 1  4   3   0

%e 1 19 141 394 450 180 0 0

%e For T(2,3)=3, each square has one of the three colors on two opposite edges.

%t a48[n_] := a48[n] = DivisorSum[NestWhile[#/2&,n,EvenQ],MoebiusMu[#]2^(n/#)&]/(2n); (* A000048 *)

%t a37[n_] := a37[n] = DivisorSum[n,MoebiusMu[n/#]2^#&]/n; (* A001037 *)

%t CI0[{n_Integer}] := CI0[{n}] = CI[Transpose[If[EvenQ[n], p2 = IntegerExponent[n, 2]; sub = Divisors[n/2^p2]; {2^(p2+1) sub, a48 /@ (2^p2 sub) }, sub = Divisors[n]; {sub, a37 /@ sub}]]] 2^(n-1); (* even permutation *)

%t CI1[{n_Integer}] := CI1[{{n}}] = CI[sub = Divisors[n]; Transpose[If[EvenQ[n], {sub, a37 /@ sub}, {2 sub, (a37 /@ sub)/2}]]] 2^(n-1); (* odd permutation *)

%t compress[x : {{_, _} ...}] := (s = Sort[x]; For[i = Length[s], i > 1, i -= 1, If[s[[i, 1]] == s[[i - 1, 1]], s[[i - 1, 2]] += s[[i, 2]]; s = Delete[s, i], Null]]; s)

%t cix[{a_, b_}, {c_, d_}] := {LCM[a, c], (a b c d)/LCM[a, c]};

%t Unprotect[Times]; Times[CI[a_List], CI[b_List]] :=  (* combine *) CI[compress[Flatten[Outer[cix, a, b, 1], 1]]]; Protect[Times];

%t CI0[p_List] := CI0[p] = Expand[CI0[Drop[p, -1]] CI0[{Last[p]}] + CI1[Drop[p, -1]] CI1[{Last[p]}]]

%t CI1[p_List] := CI1[p] = Expand[CI0[Drop[p, -1]] CI1[{Last[p]}] + CI1[Drop[p, -1]] CI0[{Last[p]}]]

%t pc[p_List] := Module[{ci,mb},mb = DeleteDuplicates[p]; ci = Count[p, #] & /@ mb; n!/(Times @@ (ci!) Times @@ (mb^ci))] (* partition count *)

%t row[n_Integer] := row[n] = Factor[(Total[(CI1[#] pc[#]) & /@ IntegerPartitions[n]])/(n! 2^(n - 1))] /. CI[l_List] :> j^(Total[l][[2]])

%t array[n_, k_] := row[n] /. j -> k (* A325012 *)

%t Table[LinearSolve[Table[Binomial[i,j],{i,1,2^n},{j,1,2^n}],Table[array[n,k],{k,1,2^n}]],{n,1,6}] // Flatten

%Y Cf. A325016 (oriented), A325017 (unoriented), A325018 (chiral), A325015 (up to k colors).

%Y Other n-dimensional polytopes: A325003 (simplex), A325011 (orthotope).

%Y Cf. A000048, A001037.

%K nonn,tabf

%O 1,4

%A _Robert A. Russell_, Jun 09 2019