A277215 - OEIS

%I #29 Nov 03 2016 15:24:04

%S 0,26,6,14,30,1214,1662,254,510,1022,2046,28670,40958,180222,32766,

%T 65534,131070,1835006,5767166,1048574,2097150,4194302,8388606,

%U 16777214,33554430,469762046,671088638,268435454,536870910,7516192766,2147483646,4294967294,8589934590,17179869182,34359738366,755914244094

%N a(n) is the smallest even number not congruent to 1 modulo 3 that starts a (2n+1)-element alternating sequence of x/2 and (3x+1) iterations ending in the maximum of its Collatz trajectory.

%C a(n) starts a maximal alternating Collatz sequence v_0, ..., v_2n of 2n+1 elements and must have the form v_0 = 2*(q*2^n - 1) where q is the smallest odd number not a multiple of 3 such that v_(2n) = 2*(q*3^n - 1) is the maximum of its Collatz trajectory.

%C The intermediate elements of the sequence for 1 <= j <= n are v_(2j-1) = q * 2^(n-j+1) * 3^(j-1) - 1, which is odd, and v_(2j) = 2 * (q * 2^(n-j) * 3^j - 1), which is congruent to 2 modulo 4 except for j=n.

%C A277875(n) is the odd multiplier q in the expression for a(n).

%C Subsequences of a(n) are related to subsequences of the following sequences depending on the value of q:

%C a(n) = 2*A000225(n) = A000918(n+1) when A277875(n) = 1;

%C a(n) = 2*A153894(n) = A131051(n+3) when A277875(n) = 5;

%C a(n) = 2*A086224(n) = A086224(n+1)-1 = A176448(n+1) when A277875(n) = 7;

%C a(n) = A086225(n+1)-1 when A277875(n) = 11;

%C a(n) = A198274(n+1)-1 when A277875(n) = 13;

%C a(n) = A198276(n+1)-1 when A277875(n) = 19;

%C For small q > 1, the positions of 2*(q*2^n - 1) among the first 200 numbers in the sequence are:

%C q = 5: 12, 26, 36, 46, 58, 62, 174;

%C q = 7: 1, 11, 17, 25, 29, 45, 49, 53, 57, 61, 65, 77, 93, 103, 109, 113, 117, 125, 139, 141, 145, 157, 165, 173, 187, 189, 193;

%C q = 11: 13, 18, 35, 59, 69, 75, 83, 114, 133, 179;

%C q = 13: 6, 118;

%C q = 19: 5;

%C and among the first 400 numbers are:

%C q = 17: 222, 229, 230, 268;

%C (see A277875).

%C Conjecture: For every n there is an odd number q such that the alternating sequence ends in v_(2n), the maximum of the Collatz trajectory of a(n)=v_0.

%e a(0) = 0 = 2*(1*2^0 - 1) since it is the start and end of the first alternating sequence of 1 element and the maximum of its trajectory.

%e a(1) = 26 = 2*(7*2^1 - 1) since sequence 26, 13, 40 has 3 elements and ends in the maximum of its trajectory and since 2, 10 and 18 do not satisfy the conditions for a(1).

%e a(5) = 1214 = 2*(19*2^5 - 1) starts the alternating sequence of 11 elements - 1214, 607, 1822, 911, 2734, 1367, 4102, 2051, 6154, 3077, 9232 - that ends in the trajectory maximum 9232 while the 11-element alternating sequences starting at 2*(q*2^5 - 1) with odd q<19 either do not end at the trajectory maximum or are congruent to 1 modulo 3 and therefore do not have maximal length.

%t collatz[n_] := If[OddQ[n], 3n+1, n/2]

%t altdata[low_, high_] := Module[{n, q, notDone, v, a, m, list={}}, For[n=low, n<=high, n++, q=-1; notDone=True; While[notDone, q+=2; v=2*(q*2^n-1); If[Mod[v, 3]!=1, a=NestWhile[collatz, v, Mod[#,4]!=0&]; m=Max[NestWhileList[collatz, a, #!=1&]]; notDone=(a!=m)]]; AppendTo[list, {n, q, v, a}]]; list]/;(low>1)

%t a277215[n_]:=Map[#[[3]]&, altdata[2,n]]

%t Join[{0,26}, a277215[35]] (* sequence data *)

%Y Cf. A000225, A000918, A086224, A086225, A131051, A153894, A176448, A198274, A198276, A277875.

%K nonn

%O 0,2

%A _Hartmut F. W. Hoft_, Nov 03 2016