A273346 Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) is the number of bargraphs of semiperimeter n having area k (n>=2, k>=1).

1, 0, 2, 0, 0, 4, 1, 0, 0, 0, 7, 4, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 12, 9, 9, 4, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 21, 18, 22, 18, 12, 4, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 37, 37, 47, 45, 46, 29, 20, 9, 4, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 65, 76, 103, 100, 116, 100, 89, 60, 43, 24, 12, 4, 2

Offset

2,3

Comments

Number of entries in row n is floor(n^2/4) = A002620(n).

Sum of entries in row n = A082582(n).

Sum(k*T(n,k),k>=1) = A273347(n).

Sum(T(n,k), n>=2) = 2^{n-1}.

Sum(n*T(n,k), n>=2) = A273348(k) = (15k2^k+29*2^k-2(-1)^k-18)/36.

References

A. Blecher, C. Brennan, and A. Knopfmacher, Combinatorial parameters in bargraphs (preprint).

Links

Alois P. Heinz, Rows n = 2..50, flattened

M. Bousquet-Mélou and A. Rechnitzer, The site-perimeter of bargraphs, Adv. in Appl. Math. 31 (2003), 86-112.

M. Bousquet-Mélou and R. Brak, Exactly solved models of polyominoes and polygons, Chapter 3 of Polygons, Polyominoes and Polycubes, Lecture Notes in Physics, Vol. 775, 43-78, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 2009.

Emeric Deutsch, S Elizalde, Statistics on bargraphs viewed as cornerless Motzkin paths, arXiv preprint arXiv:1609.00088, 2016

Formula

G.f.: G(t,z), where t marks area and z marks semiperimeter, is given in the Maple program; it is obtained from eq. (2.14) of the Blecher et al reference by setting x=z, y=z, q=t.

Example

Row 4 is 0,0,4,1 because the 5 (=A082582(4)) bargraphs of semiperimeter 4 correspond to the compositions [1,1,1], [1,2], [2,1], [2,2], [3] and, clearly, the corresponding areas are 3,3,3,4,3.
Triangle starts
  1;
  0,  2;
  0,  0,  4,  1;
  0,  0,  0,  7,  4,  2;
  0,  0,  0,  0, 12,  9,  9,  4,  1;

Maple

p:= proc(z, q, n) options operator, arrow: product(1-z*q^(k-1), k = 1 .. n) end proc: G := z*(sum(z^(i+1)*(z-1)^i*t^binomial(i+2, 2)/(p(t, t, i)*p(z*t, t, i+1)), i = 0 .. 20))/(1-(sum(z^(i+1)*(z-1)^i*t^binomial(i+2, 2)/(p(t, t, i+1)*p(z*t, t, i)), i = 0 .. 20))): Gser := simplify(series(G, z=0, 15)): for n from 2 to 14 do P[n] := sort(expand(coeff(Gser, z, n))) end do: for n from 2 to 14 do seq(coeff(P[n], t, j), j = 1 .. degree(P[n])) end do; # yields sequence in triangular form
# second Maple program:
b:= proc(n, y, t) option remember; expand(`if`(n=0, 1-t,
      `if`(t<0, 0, b(n-1, y+1, 1))+ `if`(t>0 or y<2, 0,
       b(n, y-1, -1))+ `if`(y<1, 0, b(n-1, y, 0)*z^y)))
    end:
T:= n-> (p-> seq(coeff(p, z, i), i=1..degree(p)))(b(n, 0$2)):
seq(T(n), n=2..14);  # Alois P. Heinz, Jun 04 2016

Mathematica

b[n_, y_, t_] := b[n, y, t] = Expand[If[n == 0, 1-t, If[t<0, 0, b[n-1, y+1, 1]] + If[t>0 || y<2, 0, b[n, y-1, -1]] + If[y<1, 0, b[n-1, y, 0]*z^y]]]; T[n_] := Function [p, Table[Coefficient[p, z, i], {i, 1, Exponent[p, z]}]][b[n, 0, 0]]; Table[T[n], {n, 2, 14}] // Flatten (* Jean-François Alcover, Nov 28 2016, after Alois P. Heinz *)

Crossrefs

Cf. A002620, A082582, A273347, A273348.

Sequence in context: A323412 A349354 A354352 * A369731 A136334 A155039

Adjacent sequences: A273343 A273344 A273345 * A273347 A273348 A273349

Keyword

nonn,tabf

Author

Emeric Deutsch, Jun 03 2016

Status

approved