|
| |
|
|
A066997
|
|
Survivor number for 2nd-order Josephus problem.
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40
(list;
graph;
refs;
listen;
history;
text;
internal format)
|
|
|
|
OFFSET
|
2,1
|
|
|
COMMENTS
|
Boyko Bantchev defines the survivor number for the second-order Josephus problem with n persons as follows: a(n) is not the number of the actual survivor but that of the person to be eliminated; that is, every second person in a circle is marked until only one remains - and that one is eliminated; having eliminated a(n), start again from the beginning with the remaining n-1 people, eliminate the one whose ordinal number in the new sequence is a(n-1), then do the same with the n-2 remaining and so forth, until only one is left. This is the survivor number.
|
|
|
REFERENCES
|
Boyko Bantchev (bantchev(AT)math.bas.bg), Personal communication, Nov 30 2001
|
|
|
LINKS
|
|
|
|
FORMULA
|
a(n) = 1+k+2^(m-1) for k < 2^(m-1) and 2^m otherwise, where m = floor(log_2(n)) and k = n-2^m. Also: write n in binary; drop first bit; "OR" new first bit with each remaining bit; append 1 as new first bit; convert to integer; add 1.
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
To find a(19): First method: let m = floor(log_2(n)) = 4, let k = n - 2^m = 3, then 1 + k + 2^(m-1) = 12. Binary method: 19 in binary is 1 0 0 1 1; drop first bit leaving 0 0 1 1; "OR" first bit with remaining bits giving 0 1 1; append leading 1 giving 1 0 1 1; convert to integer giving 11; add 1 giving 12.
|
|
|
PROG
|
(PARI) a(n) = my(m = logint(n, 2), k = n - 2^m); if (k < 2^(m-1), 1+k+2^(m-1), 2^m); \\ Michel Marcus, Mar 26 2020
|
|
|
CROSSREFS
|
This is the same as A006165 except that it lacks two leading 1's.
|
|
|
KEYWORD
|
easy,nonn
|
|
|
AUTHOR
|
Eugene McDonnell (eemcd(AT)aol.com), Jan 27 2002
|
|
|
STATUS
|
approved
|
| |
|
|
