login
A012132
Numbers z such that x*(x+1) + y*(y+1) = z*(z+1) is solvable in positive integers x,y.
10
3, 6, 8, 10, 11, 13, 15, 16, 18, 20, 21, 23, 26, 27, 28, 31, 33, 36, 37, 38, 40, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 61, 62, 63, 64, 66, 67, 68, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 80, 81, 83, 86, 88, 89, 91, 92, 93
OFFSET
1,1
COMMENTS
Theorem (Sierpinski, 1963): n is a term iff n^2+(n+1)^2 is a composite number. - N. J. A. Sloane, Feb 29 2020
For n > 1, A047219 is a subset of this sequence. This is because n^2 + (n+1)^2 is divisible by 5 if n is (1 or 3) mod 5 (also see A027861). - Dmitry Kamenetsky, Sep 02 2008
From Hermann Stamm-Wilbrandt, Sep 10 2014: (Start)
For n > 0, A212160 is a subset of this sequence (n^2 + (n+1)^2 is divisible by 13 if n == (2 or 10) (mod 13)).
For n >= 0, A212161 is a subset of this sequence (n^2 + (n+1)^2 is divisible by 17 if n == (6 or 10) (mod 17)).
The above are for divisibility by 5, 13, 17; notation (1,3,5), (2,10,13), (6,10,17). Divisibility by p for a and p-a-1; notation (a,p-a-1,p). These are the next tuples: (8,20,29), (15,21,37), (4,36,41), (11,41,53), ... . The corresponding sequences are a subset of this sequence (8,20,37,49,66,78,... for (8,20,29)). These sequences have no entries in the OEIS yet. For any prime of the form 4*k+1 there is exactly one of these tuples/sequences.
For n > 1, A000217 (triangular numbers) is a subset of this sequence (3,6,10,15,...); z=A000217(n), y=z-1, x=n.
For n > 0, A001652 is a subset of this sequence; z=A001652(n), x=y=A053141(n).
For n > 1, A001108(=A115598) is a subset of this sequence; z=A001108(n), x=A076708(n), y=x+1.
For n > 0, A124124(2*n+1)(=A098790(2*n)) is a subset of this sequence (6,37,218,...); z=A124124(2*n+1), x=a(n)-1, y=a(n)+1, a(m) = 6*a(m-1) - a(m-2) + 2, a(0)=0, a(1)=4.
(End)
REFERENCES
Aviezri S. Fraenkel, Diophantine equations involving generalized triangular and tetrahedral numbers, pp. 99-114 of A. O. L. Atkin and B. J. Birch, editors, Computers in Number Theory. Academic Press, NY, 1971.
LINKS
Heiko Harborth, Fermat-like binomial equations, Applications of Fibonacci numbers, Proc. 2nd Int. Conf., San Jose/Ca., August 1986, 1-5 (1988).
W. Sierpinski, On triangular numbers which are sums of two smaller triangular numbers, (Polish), Wiadom. Mat. (2) 7 (1963), 27-28. See MR0182602.
MATHEMATICA
Select[Range[100], !PrimeQ[#^2 + (#+1)^2]& ] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jan 17 2013, after Michael Somos *)
CROSSREFS
Complement of A027861. - Michael Somos, Jun 08 2000
Sequence in context: A287362 A055073 A328505 * A108769 A286754 A186387
KEYWORD
nonn
AUTHOR
Sander van Rijnswou (sander(AT)win.tue.nl)
EXTENSIONS
More terms and references from Klaus Strassburger (strass(AT)ddfi.uni-duesseldorf.de), Feb 09 2000
STATUS
approved