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A329666 Number of excursions of length n with Motzkin-steps avoiding the consecutive steps UU and HH. 6

%I #28 Oct 24 2023 12:51:14

%S 1,1,1,3,4,7,15,26,50,102,196,392,800,1609,3290,6786,13973,28998,

%T 60469,126295,264945,557594,1176004,2487485,5274110,11204631,23854581,

%U 50881939,108715072,232671125,498724913,1070525053,2301048452,4952319218,10671175097,23020363339

%N Number of excursions of length n with Motzkin-steps avoiding the consecutive steps UU and HH.

%C The Motzkin step set is U=(1,1), H=(1,0) and D=(1,-1). An excursion is a path starting at (0,0), ending on the x-axis and never crossing the x-axis, i.e., staying at nonnegative altitude.

%C a(n) also counts excursions avoiding the consecutive steps HH and DD. This can easily be seen by time reversal.

%C a(n) also counts excursions avoiding the consecutive steps HH and DU.

%H Michael De Vlieger, <a href="/A329666/b329666.txt">Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..2857</a>

%H Helmut Prodinger, <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.12497">Motzkin paths of bounded height with two forbidden contiguous subwords of length two</a>, arXiv:2310.12497 [math.CO], 2023.

%F G.f.: (1/2)*(1 - t^3 - t^2 - sqrt(t^6 + 2*t^5 - 3*t^4 - 6*t^3 - 2*t^2 + 1))/t^3.

%F a(0) = a(1) = a(2) = 1; a(n) = a(n-2) + a(n-3) + Sum_{k=0..n-3} a(k) * a(n-k-3). - _Ilya Gutkovskiy_, Nov 09 2021

%F D-finite with recurrence (n+3)*a(n) +2*-n*a(n-2) +3*(-2*n+3)*a(n-3) +3*(-n+3)*a(n-4) +(2*n-9)*a(n-5) +(n-6)*a(n-6)=0. - _R. J. Mathar_, Jan 25 2023

%e a(3)=3 as there are 3 excursions of length 3, namely: UDH, UHD and HUD.

%t CoefficientList[Series[(1/2)*(1 - x^3 - x^2 - Sqrt[x^6 + 2*x^5 - 3*x^4 - 6*x^3 - 2*x^2 + 1])/x^3, {x, 0, 40}], x] (* _Michael De Vlieger_, Oct 24 2023 *)

%Y See also A329667, A329668, A329669, which count meanders with the same step set and forbidden consecutive steps "UU and HH", "HH and DU" as well as "HH and DD" respectively.

%K nonn,walk

%O 0,4

%A _Valerie Roitner_, Nov 19 2019

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Last modified March 28 04:58 EDT 2024. Contains 371235 sequences. (Running on oeis4.)