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Lexicographically earliest such sequence a that a(i) = a(j) => f(i) = f(j) for all i, j, where f(n) = -(n mod 2) if n is a prime, and f(n) = A300840(n) for any other number.
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%I #11 Jan 04 2019 17:37:55

%S 1,2,3,4,3,5,3,4,6,7,3,8,3,9,10,11,3,6,3,12,13,14,3,8,15,16,17,18,3,

%T 10,3,11,19,20,21,22,3,23,24,12,3,13,3,25,26,27,3,28,29,15,30,31,3,17,

%U 32,18,33,34,3,35,3,36,37,38,39,19,3,40,41,21,3,22,3,42,43,44,45,24,3,46,47,48,3,49,50,51,52,25,3,26,53,54,55,56,57,28,3,29,58,59,3,30,3,31

%N Lexicographically earliest such sequence a that a(i) = a(j) => f(i) = f(j) for all i, j, where f(n) = -(n mod 2) if n is a prime, and f(n) = A300840(n) for any other number.

%C For all i, j: A323074(i) = A323074(j) => a(i) = a(j).

%C Like the related A322822 also this filter sequence satisfies the following two implications, for all i, j >= 1:

%C a(i) = a(j) => A322356(i) = A322356(j),

%C a(i) = a(j) => A290105(i) = A290105(j).

%H Antti Karttunen, <a href="/A323082/b323082.txt">Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..65539</a>

%o (PARI)

%o up_to = 65537;

%o rgs_transform(invec) = { my(om = Map(), outvec = vector(length(invec)), u=1); for(i=1, length(invec), if(mapisdefined(om,invec[i]), my(pp = mapget(om, invec[i])); outvec[i] = outvec[pp] , mapput(om,invec[i],i); outvec[i] = u; u++ )); outvec; };

%o ispow2(n) = (n && !bitand(n,n-1));

%o A302777(n) = ispow2(isprimepower(n));

%o A050376list(up_to) = { my(v=vector(up_to), i=0); for(n=1,oo,if(A302777(n), i++; v[i] = n); if(i == up_to,return(v))); };

%o v050376 = A050376list(up_to);

%o A050376(n) = v050376[n];

%o A052330(n) = { my(p=1,i=1); while(n>0, if(n%2, p *= A050376(i)); i++; n >>= 1); (p); };

%o A052331(n) = { my(s=0,e); while(n > 1, fordiv(n, d, if(((n/d)>1)&&A302777(n/d), e = vecsearch(v050376, n/d); if(!e, print("v050376 too short!"); return(1/0)); s += 2^(e-1); n = d; break))); (s); };

%o A300840(n) = A052330(A052331(n)>>1);

%o A323082aux(n) = if(isprime(n),-(n%2),A300840(n));

%o v323082 = rgs_transform(vector(up_to,n,A323082aux(n)));

%o A323082(n) = v323082[n];

%Y Cf. A052330, A300840, A305801, A322822, A323074.

%Y Cf. also A290105, A322356.

%K nonn

%O 1,2

%A _Antti Karttunen_, Jan 04 2019