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COMMENTS
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Only four terms are known.
The first four Mersenne primes (p=2^q-1 in A000668) are double Mersenne primes, i.e., in A103901. The next four yield a composite M(p) and therefore are in this sequence. The next larger Mersenne prime p = A000668(9) has already 19 digits and is much too large to enable us, as of today, to test the primality of 2^p-1 (which would require over 10^8 gigabytes just to be stored in binary). This explains that only 4 terms are known of this sequence and of A103901; for all the 30+ remaining members of A000668 it is not known whether they belong to A103901 or to this sequence A103902. - M. F. Hasler, Jan 21 2015
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REFERENCES
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R. K. Guy, Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, 3rd ed., Springer-Verlag, NY, 2004, Sec. A3.
G. H. Hardy and E. M. Wright, An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers, 3rd ed., Oxford Univ. Press, 1954, p. 16.
P. Ribenboim, The New Book of Prime Number Records, Springer-Verlag, NY, 1996, Chap. 2, Sec. VII.
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