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A068085
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Numbers k such that k and 10*k are both triangular numbers.
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4
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0, 1, 21, 78, 1540, 30381, 112575, 2220778, 43809480, 162333171, 3202360435, 63173239878, 234084320106, 4617801526591, 91095768094695, 337549427259780, 6658866598983886, 131360034419310411, 486746040024282753, 9602081017933237120, 189421078536877518066, 701887452165588470145
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OFFSET
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1,3
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COMMENTS
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Let y=sqrt(8*k+1) and x=sqrt(80*k+1), which must be integers if k and 10*k are triangular. These quantities satisfy the Pell-like equation x^2 - 10*y^2 = -9. All solutions x+y*sqrt(10) are obtained from 1+sqrt(10), 9+3*sqrt(10) and 41+13*sqrt(10) by multiplying by powers of the fundamental unit 19+6*sqrt(10).
Conjecture: satisfies a linear recurrence having signature (1, 0, 1442, -1442, 0, -1, 1). - Harvey P. Dale, Sep 03 2020
This conjecture is true because of the connection between (generalized) Pell equations and continued fractions of quadratic irrationals. - Georg Fischer, Feb 23 2021
The triangular numbers T(t) that are one-tenth of other triangular numbers T(u) : T(t)=T(u)/10. The t's are in A341893, and the u's are in A341895.
Can be defined for negative n by setting a(n) = a(1-n) for all n in Z. (End)
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LINKS
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FORMULA
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a(n) = (99 + 1442*a(n-3) + 57*sqrt((1 + 8*a(n-3))*(1 + 88*a(n-3))))/2.
G.f.: -x^2*(x^4+20*x^3+57*x^2+20*x+1) / ((x-1)*(x^6-1442*x^3+1)). - Colin Barker, Jun 24 2014
a(n) = 1442 *a(n-3) - a(n-6) + 99, for n > 3, with a(-2) = 21, a(-1) = 1, a(0) = 0, a(1) = 0, a(2) = 1, a(3) = 21.
a(n) = a(n - 1) + 1442 ( a(n - 3) - a(n - 4) ) - ( a(n - 6) - a(n - 7) ) for n >= 4 with a(-2) = 21, a(-1) = 1, a(0) = 0, a(1) = 0, a(2) = 1, a(3) = 21.
a(n) = b(n)*(b(n)+1)/2 where b(n) is A341893(n). (End)
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EXAMPLE
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21 and 210 are both triangular numbers.
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MAPLE
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f := gfun:-rectoproc({a(-3) = 21, a(-2) = 1, a(-1) = 0, a(0) = 0, a(1) = 1, a(2) = 21, a(n) = 1442*a(n-3)-a(n-6)+99}, a(n), remember); map(f, [`$`(0 .. 1000)])[] ; # Vladimir Pletser, Feb 26 2021
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MATHEMATICA
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a[0]=0; a[1]=1; a[2]=21; a[n_] := a[n]=(99+1442a[n-3]+57Sqrt[(1+8a[n-3])(1+80a[n-3])])/2
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CROSSREFS
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KEYWORD
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nonn,easy
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AUTHOR
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EXTENSIONS
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STATUS
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approved
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