OFFSET
0,6
COMMENTS
See A000571 for the definition of a tournament and its score sequence. A tournament is strong if every two vertices are mutually reachable by directed paths. Alternatively, a tournament is strong if it contains a directed Hamiltonian cycle.
A sequence (s_1 <= s_2 <= ... <= s_n) of integers is the score sequence of a strong tournament iff Sum_{i=1..r} s_i > binomial(r,2) for 1 <= r < n and Sum_{i=1..n) s_i = binomial(n,2). It is self-complementary iff s_{n+1-i} = n-1-s_i for 1 <= i <= n/2.
LINKS
Paul K. Stockmeyer, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..501
Paul K. Stockmeyer, Counting Various Classes of Tournament Score Sequences, arXiv:2202.05238 [math.CO], 2022.
Paul K. Stockmeyer, Counting Various Classes of Tournament Score Sequences, J. Integer Seq. 26 (2023), Article 23.5.2.
FORMULA
For n >= 1, a(2*n) = Sum_{T=binomial(n,2)+1..n*(n-1)} Sum_{E=floor(n/2)..n-1} g_n(T,E) and a(2*n+1) = Sum_{T=binomial(n,2)+1..n^2} Sum_{E=floor(n/2)..n} g_n(T,E), where g_1(T, E)=[T=E], and for n>=2, g_n(T, E)=0 if T-E <= binomial(n-1, 2) and g_n(T, E) = Sum_{k=0..E} g_{n-1}(T-E, k) otherwise.
EXAMPLE
The 9 self-complementary strong score sequences of length seven are
(1,1,2,3,4,5,5),
(1,1,3,3,3,5,5),
(1,2,2,3,4,4,5),
(1,2,3,3,3,4,5),
(1,3,3,3,3,3,5),
(2,2,2,3,4,4,4),
(2,2,3,3,3,4,4),
(2,3,3,3,3,3,4),
(3,3,3,3,3,3,3).
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
nonn
AUTHOR
Paul K. Stockmeyer, Feb 22 2022
STATUS
approved