OFFSET
1,1
COMMENTS
Problem proposed on French site Diophante (see link).
We have to solve Diophantine equation q.r = q*10^m + r = k * q * r where m = length(q) = length(r). Some results:
k can only take values 2, 3, 6, 7, 11, and ratio r/q = 1, 2, 4 or 5.
There are exactly 3 subsequences of terms that are solutions, one finite and two infinites:
-> Finite subsequence: 11, 12, 15, 36, 1352.
-> Infinite subsequence with k = 7 and r = q = (10^(6h-3)+1)/7, h>=1 (A147553 \ {1}), hence terms are (10^(6h-3)+1)^2/7 for h>=1: {143143, 142857143142857143, ... }.
-> Infinite subsequence with k = 3 and r = 2q, with q = (10^h+2)/6, r = (10^h+2)/3 for h>= 1: {24, 1734, 167334, 16673334, ...} (A348589).
Consequence: integers q.q that are divisible by q*q are exactly integers such that q is a term of A147553. If q = A147553(1) = 1, then 11/(1*1) = 11, while for q = A147553(n), n>=2, then q.q / (q*q) = 7.
Note that the first five terms are the 2-digit Zuckerman numbers (A007602).
LINKS
Diophante, A1945 - Concaténations en tous genres (in French).
Giovanni Resta, Zuckerman numbers, Numbers Aplenty.
EXAMPLE
One example for each possible value of k = q.r / (q*r).
a(1) = 11 and 11/(1*1) = 11.
a(2) = 12 and 12/(1*2) = 6.
a(5) = 36 and 36/(3*6) = 2.
a(7) = 1734 and 1734/(17*34) = 3.
a(8) = 143143 and 143143/(143*143) = 7.
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
nonn,base
AUTHOR
Bernard Schott, Oct 11 2021
STATUS
approved