OFFSET
1,2
COMMENTS
The cyclic subgroups of GL_m(q) of order q^m-1 are called Singer cycles.
LINKS
M. Farrokhi D. G., Lattice paths inside a table: Rows and columns linear combinations, arXiv:1910.09844 [math.CO], 2019.
W. M. Kantor, Linear groups containing a Singer cycle, J. Algebra 62(1) (1980), 232-234.
EXAMPLE
For n = 3 the a(3) = 5 solution is the matrix E_5 =
[ [ 1 1 0 0 0 ],
[ 1 1 1 0 0 ],
[ 0 1 1 1 0 ],
[ 0 0 1 1 1 ],
[ 0 0 0 1 2 ] ]
since the matrix E_5 has order 3^5 - 1 = 242 in GL_5(3).
PROG
(GAP)
EMatrix := function(n, q)
local M, i;
M := NullMat(n, n, GF(q));
for i in [2..n] do
M[i - 1][i - 1] := Z(q) ^ 0;
M[i - 1][i] := Z(q) ^ 0;
M[i][i - 1] := Z(q) ^ 0;
od;
M[n][n] := 2 * Z(q) ^ 0;
return M;
end;
for n in [1..100] do
M := EMatrix(n, 3);
if Determinant(M) <> 0 * Z(3) and Order(M) = 3 ^ n - 1 then
Print(n, "\n");
fi;
od;
(PARI)
E(m)={matrix(m, m, i, j, (i==m&&j==m) + (abs(i-j)<=1))}
is(m, b)={my(ID=matid(m), M=Mod(E(m), b), e=b^m-1); if(M^e==ID, fordiv(e, d, if(d<e && M^d==ID, return(0))); 1, 0)}
for(m=1, 100, if(m<>2&&is(m, 3), print1(m, ", "))) \\ Andrew Howroyd, Dec 21 2019
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
nonn
AUTHOR
M. Farrokhi D. G., Oct 23 2019
STATUS
approved