OFFSET
1,1
COMMENTS
This is a generalization of the sum of divisors to finite groups:
Let G be a finite group. sigma(G) = Sum_{H <= G} [G:H]. For G = D(n) = dihedral group with 2*n elements, we get a(n) = 2*n * Sum_{H <= G} 1/|H|.
Relation to Lagarias inequality: Let H(G) be the harmonic numbers of D(n) relative to a generating set S <= D(n). Then the conjecture (Lagarias inequality) is:
a(n) <= H(D(n)) + exp(H(D(n)))*log(H(D(n))).
Relation to sum of divisors: sigma(n) = sigma(C_n), where C_n = cyclic group.
LINKS
MathStackexchange, Two questions about the dihedral group, Proof of the formula a(n) = sigma_2(n) + 2*sigma_1(n).
MathOverflow, A Group theoretic interpretation of Lagarias inequality, Definition of the Harmonic numbers H(G) for each finite group G.
MathOverflow, Conjectured upper bound to number of subgroups, Definition of sigma(G)=sigma_1 for each finite group G.
FORMULA
a(n) = 2*n * Sum_{H <= G} 1/|H|, where the sum runs through all subgroups H of G.
a(n) = sigma_2(n) + 2*sigma_1(n).
EXAMPLE
a(1) = 3 as there are two subgroups of order 1 and 2 so 2*1*(1/1 + 1/2) = 3.
MATHEMATICA
Table[DivisorSigma[2, n] + 2*DivisorSigma[1, n], {n, 50}] (* G. C. Greubel, Jul 15 2019 *)
PROG
(Sage)
[sigma(n, 2)+2*sigma(n) for n in range(1, 51)]
(PARI) a(n) = sigma(n, 2) + 2*sigma(n); \\ Michel Marcus, May 13 2019
(Magma) [DivisorSigma(2, n) + 2*DivisorSigma(1, n): n in [1..50]]; // G. C. Greubel, Jul 15 2019
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
nonn
AUTHOR
Orges Leka, May 10 2019
STATUS
approved