OFFSET
0,1
COMMENTS
This is the case k=3 of the identity F(n)^2 - F(k)^2*(-1)^(n+k) = F(n+k)*F(n-k), known also as Catalan's identity.
LINKS
Colin Barker, Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..1000
Eric Weisstein's World of Mathematics, Catalan's Identity.
Index entries for linear recurrences with constant coefficients, signature (2,2,-1).
FORMULA
G.f.: (4 - 11*x + 3*x^2)/((1 + x)*(1 - 3*x + x^2)).
a(n) = a(-n) = 2*a(n-1) + 2*a(n-2) - a(n-3).
5*a(n) = Lucas(2*n) + 18*(-1)^n. Note that Lucas(2*n) + r*(-1)^n is divisible by 5 for r = -2, 3, -7, 8, -12, 13, -17, 18, -22, 23, -27, ... = (-1/4)*(3 + 5*(2*m+1)*(-1)^m) = (-1)^m*A047221(m). On the other hand, a(n) is divisible by 5 when n is a member of A047221.
a(n) = (1/5)*(18*(-1)^n + ((3-sqrt(5))/2)^n + ((3+sqrt(5))/2)^n). - Colin Barker, Sep 20 2017
Sum_{n>=4} 1/a(n) = 143/960. - Amiram Eldar, Oct 05 2020
Sum_{n>=4} (-1)^n/a(n) = 3/(4*phi) - 407/960, where phi is the golden ratio (A001622). - Amiram Eldar, Oct 06 2020
MAPLE
with(combinat, fibonacci): A292612:=seq(fibonacci(n)^2+4*(-1)^n, n=0..10^2); # Muniru A Asiru, Sep 26 2017
MATHEMATICA
Table[Fibonacci[n]^2 + 4 (-1)^n, {n, 0, 40}]
PROG
(PARI) for(n=0, 40, print1(fibonacci(n)^2+4*(-1)^n", "));
(PARI) Vec((4-11*x+3*x^2)/((1+x)*(1-3*x+x^2))+O(x^30)) \\ Colin Barker, Sep 20 2017
(Sage) [fibonacci(n)^2+4*(-1)^n for n in range(40)]
(Magma) [Fibonacci(n)^2+4*(-1)^n: n in [0..40]];
(GAP)
List([0..10^2], n ->Fibonacci(n)^2+4*(-1)^n); # Muniru A Asiru, Sep 26 2017
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
sign,easy
AUTHOR
Bruno Berselli, Sep 20 2017
STATUS
approved