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Least term in the periodic part of the continued fraction expansion of sqrt(n) or 0 if n is square.
2

%I #26 Aug 02 2017 16:33:04

%S 0,0,2,1,0,4,2,1,1,0,6,3,2,1,1,1,0,8,4,1,2,1,1,1,1,0,10,5,2,1,2,1,1,1,

%T 1,1,0,12,6,4,3,2,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,14,7,1,1,1,2,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,16,8,

%U 1,4,1,1,1,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,18,9,6,1

%N Least term in the periodic part of the continued fraction expansion of sqrt(n) or 0 if n is square.

%C If r > 0 is even, then a((rm/2)^2+m) = r for all m >= 1 and a((r^2-2)^2/4 + (r+1)^3) = r.

%C If r is odd, then a((rm)^2+2m) = r for all m >= 1 and a(r^4 + r^3 + 5(r+1)^2/4) = r.

%H Chai Wah Wu, <a href="/A276689/b276689.txt">Table of n, a(n) for n = 0..10000</a>

%o (Python)

%o from sympy import continued_fraction_periodic

%o def A276689(n):

%o x = continued_fraction_periodic(0,1,n)

%o return min(x[1]) if len(x) > 1 else 0

%Y Cf. A031424, A003285, A091453, A096491.

%K nonn

%O 0,3

%A _Chai Wah Wu_, Sep 28 2016